Clauson (1972)
An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish
p. 930-931
yalŋu:s
‘alone, only; solitary’; the evidence for -s, a final so rare as to suggest a foreign origin for a word with no obvious etymology, is overwhelming down to xi, but later it is usually -z. S.i.a.m.l.g. in a wide range of forms; NE Alt., Küer., Tel., Tub. yaŋıs R III 64; Sag. çalğıs do. 1887; Khak. çağıs/çalğıs: SE Türki yalğuz: NC jalğız: SC yolğız: NW Kk. jalğız; Kaz., Nog. yalğız; Kumyk yaŋğız: SW Az. yalğız/yalnız; Osm. yalıŋız; Tkm. yalğı:z. Türkü viii yalŋu:s Ix. 23 (yuvul-): viii ff. yalŋu:su:n yorı:yu:r ‘he walks alone’ IrkB 40: Uyğ. viii ff. Bud. yalŋus bir ‘only one’ U III 69, 23; siz yalŋuskıya kalırsız ‘you will remain all alone’ PP 40, 3: Civ. yalŋus H II 10, 69: O. Kır. ix ff. yalŋu:s kızıma: ‘my only daughter’ Mal. 16, 1: Xak. xi yalŋu:s er al-raculu’l-wāḥid wa ğayruhu ‘one man (etc.) only’ Kaş. III 384 (prov.); o.o. I 333 (2 suk); III 133, 16: KB özüm kalsa yalŋuz ‘if I myself remain alone’ 395; (when the king was sitting) özi yalŋuzun ‘alone by himself’ 620, 765 (the MSS. consistently have -z, but are not contemporary): xiii(?) Tef. yalğuz/yalŋuz ‘alone’; yalŋuz yalŋuz ‘one by one’ 138: xiv Muh.(?) al-wāḥid yalŋu:z Rif. 148 (only): Çağ. xv ff. yalğuz tenha ‘alone, solitary’; yalğuzun ba-tanhā’ī San. 336v. 17 (quotn.): Xwar. xiii(?) yalğuz (sic?) oldurur erdi ‘he was sitting alone’ Oğ. 56; calğuz (sic?) oldurur erdi do. 73: xiv yalğuz ‘alone’ Qutb 65; a.o. 159 (2 suk); Nahc. 11, 9; 129, 15; 130, etc.; yalğuzun ditto Qutb 65: Kom. xiv ‘only, alone’ yalğız/yalğuz CCI, CCG; Gr. 111 (quotns.): Kıp. xiii (after ‘twin’ yikiz) al-mawlūd mufrada(n) ‘born alone’ yadikiz (sic, MS. yatlikiz) Hou. 26, 6: xiv yalaŋuz (sic) fard ‘single’ İd. 97; al-waḥda ‘solitude’ yalğuz Bul. 6, 4; waḥdaka ‘by yourself’ yalğuz do. 14, 6: xv waḥda yalıŋız; Tkm. yalıŋız Tuh. 62a. 13; a.o. 38b. 1: Osm. xiv–xvi yalğuz; xiv ff. yalŋız/yaluŋuz; xiv ff. yalŋızın ‘alone’; fairly common TTS I 775; II 987; IV 829-33.