𐰀𐰺𐱃

aːrt

Meaning:
1. the back or hinder part of something; 2. the other side of something; 3. a mountain pass or col.
Details:
Originally “the nape of the neck”; hence also (1) “mountain pass, col”, as a depression between two elevations, and (2) “the back or rear part of something”. In the second sense it is synonymous with arka, but in adverbial expressions meaning “behind”, art is preferred.
Synonyms:
𐰺‎𐰴 [arka]

In modern languages

Select a region to see the cognate.
Language Cognate
Turkmen a:rt
Turkish (Azerbaijan) ard
Turkish (Türkiye) art
Salar -
Gagauz ard
Crimean -
Uyghur -
Uzbek -
Kazakh -
Nogai -
Siberian Tatar -
Kyrgyz artı
Altai -
Alan -
Kumyk -
Tatar -
Bashkir -
Tıva -
Khakas -
Sakha (Yakut, Dolgan) -
Khalaj -
Chuvash -

Examples

Irıq Bitig
1

Translations

German:
1. die Rückseite oder der hintere Teil von etwas; 2. die andere Seite von etwas; 3. ein Gebirgspass.
Russian:
1. задняя сторона чего-л, спина; 2. другая сторона чего-либо; 3. горный перевал.
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
1. ard, arxa, bel; 2. bir şeyin başqa üzü; 3. dağlarda arxa keçid.
Turkish (Türkiye):
1. art, arka, arkada bulunan; 2. bir şeyin öbür yüzü; 3. dağlarda arka yol.
Turkmen:
1. art, arka; 2. yz tarap, syrt, yz; 3. dagda arka geçelge.
  • Академия (2016) Древнетюркский словарь
    ART I 1. спина; 2. задняя сторона чего-л.; 3. в служ. знач. с аффиксами принадлежности за, вслед за. ART II 1. нагорье, гора; 2. горный перевал.
  • Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish p. 200-201
    art (?a:rd) originally ‘the nape of the neck’; hence (1) ‘a mountain pass or col’ (like the nape of the neck a depression between two elevations); (2) ‘the back or hinder part of anything’. In (2) it was syn. w. arka: q.v., but for Adv. expressions meaning ‘behind’ art was used in preference to arka:. The Directive f. artğaru ‘backwards’ is not noted before the medieval period. S.i.a.m.l.g.; in SW Osm., Tkm. (a:rt) before Suffs. beginning with vowels ard, which may represent the original form. Türkü viii ff. a:rt üze: ‘on a mountain pass’ IrkB 6 (2 er-): Uyğ. viii ff. Bud. art basut bol- ‘to back, support (someone Dat.) Suv. 127, 21; 409, 11; a.o. U IV 8, 38 (i:d-): Civ. (a man who unexpectedly becomes famous) art sayu mayakayur ‘defecates on every mountain pass’ TT VII 42, 5: Xak. xi art saç şa‘ru’l-qafā ‘the back hair’, because art is al-raqaba ‘the nape of the neck’: art al-‘aqaba fi’l-cibāl ‘a mountain pass’ (prov.) Kaş. I 42; I 247, 18 (aşrul-); 277, 3 (2 aşsa:-) and 5 o.o. translated al-‘aqaba: KB kayu art aşar kör ögüzler keçer ‘some climb over mountain passes and cross rivers’ 1735: xiii(?) Tef. anıŋ ardında/ardındın ‘behind him’ 56; ardınça/artınça ‘behind’ 57, 60; artğaru/artkaru ‘backwards’ 59: xiv Muh. ‘the hindquarters of a horse (kıl; in the margin of one MS.) ard Mel. 69, 14: Çağ. xv ff. art (spelt) ‘aqaba wa rāh-i tang (‘a narrow road’) San. 36v. 26; ard (rhyming with hard) ‘aqab ‘back’ do. 37r. 2; ardınca az ‘aqabaş ‘behind him’ do. 37r. 3 (quotn.): Xwar. xiii(?) (the army was protecting) ol böri:niŋ artların ‘the hindquarters of that wolf’ Oğ. 152: xiv artkaru ‘backwards’ Qutb 11, Nahc. 93, 4; (if Yusuf’s shirt is torn) art yandın ‘in the back’ Nahc. 362, 7; artıpa ‘backwards’ do. 93, 5: Kom. xiv ‘back, behind’ art CCI, CCG; Gr. 40 (quotns., including artınça/artunça): Kıp. xiv ard, also art, xalf ‘behind’ İd. 10; xalf artanca Bul. 14, 4: xv (in a list of Advs. describing directions) warā’ ‘backwards’ atkarı: bi-ğayr rā’ ‘without -r-’ (i.e. for artkarı) Kav. 35, 5; art warā’ Tuh. 73b. 9 (with Poss. Suffs. do. 67a. 3; 74a. 7, 11); xalf atkarı do. 14b. 6; 74a. 7; ta’axxara ‘to be behind, late’, etc. atkarı kal- do. 10b. 2: Osm. xiv ff. ard with Poss. Suffs. and ardınca, both meaning generally ‘behind’, c.i.a.p. TTS I 33; II 47; III 32-3; IV 34-5.