𐰺𐰴𐱁
arkış
Meaning:
caravan; envoy, diplomatic mission
The commercial and diplomatic senses overlap: travelling merchants could also act as official envoys, so the context does not always establish whether a caravan or a mission is intended.
Examples
Translations
German:
Karawane; Gesandter, Gesandtschaft
Russian:
караван; посланник, посольство
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
karvan; elçi, elçilik
Turkish (Türkiye):
kervan; elçi, elçilik
Bibliography 4
-
Hendrik Boeschoten (2022) A dictionary of early middle Turkicp. 36p. 36
arqïš ‘caravan’ (QT1, QT3, QT5, QA) / arġïš (MG) -
Dr. Jens Wilkens (2021) Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen | Eski Uygurcanın El Sözlüğüp. 63p. 63
arkıš Gesandter, Bote, Herold || elçi, haberci, ulak; Gesandtschaft, Karawane || elçilik, kervan (s./bk. Sogd. ʾʾrxyš) arkıš terkiš Bote₂, Gesandter₂, Herold₂ || haberci₂, elçi₂, ulak₂ arkıš yalavač Bote₂, Gesandter₂, Herold₂ || haberci₂, elçi₂, ulak₂ -
Gerard Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkishpp. 216b–217app. 216b–217a
arkış Dev. N. fr. 1 arka:-; ‘a person or group of persons travelling for commercial or official purposes’, hence both ‘travelling merchants, caravan’, and ‘official envoys, mission’; it is not always easy to see which is meant and merchants were often used as official envoys. Survives in NE several dialects arğış/arğıs R I 300–1; Khak. arğıs ‘travelling companion’; NC Kzx. arkıs ditto R I 293 (not in MM); SW xx Anat. (arkış SDD 115) erkiş ‘caravan’ 546. See Doerfer II 460. Türkü viii (the Basmıl ıdıkut was my subject) arkış ıdmaz téyin süledim ‘because he sent no envoys, I campaigned against him’ II E 25; (gap) arkışı: kelmedi: (so read) ‘no envoys came’ II E 41; a.o. I S 8, II N 6 (ı:d-): Uyğ. viii ff. Bud. (then King Mahendrasena) tört yıŋaktın kelmiş arkış yalavaçlar okıp ‘summoning the envoys and ambassadors who had come from all four corners of the world’ U II 21, 17–18; o.o. arkış tirkiş same meaning U III 29, 2–3 (ı:d-); do. 11; arkış do. 29, 14; 30, 20; Hüen-ts. 12, 235–6, 1886: Xak. xi arkış al-‘īr ‘caravan’ (prov., arkış translated al-safr ‘traveller’): arkış the word for ‘an envoy’ (al-mursil) to people from one’s native country (al-mawṭin); hence one says anıŋ arkışı: keldi: cā’a rasūluhu; also used in the sense of al-risāla ‘a mission’ Kaş. I 97 (in I 249, 12 arkışı: is an error for arvışı:): KB Xıtay arkışı yadtı tavğaç edi ‘the caravan from China distributed Chinese wares’ 68; o.o. 1386, 1443, 5367, 5546 (im), 5754: xiii(?) At. arkış ‘caravan’ 179, 180 (1 öŋ): xiv Rbğ. arğış ‘caravan’ R I 301: Çağ. xv ff. arğış mu‘āmala-i ğalla ‘trade in foodstuffs’ San. 37r. 20: Kip. xiv(?) arğış ‘caravan, the transport of men or goods by horse and mule’, marginal note to İd., İzbudak, El-idrāk Haşiyesi, p. 6: Osm. xiv arğış ‘caravan’ Dede Qorqut, ed. Rossi, p. 332. -
M Räsänen, I Kecskeméti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachenp. 26bp. 26b
arkyš uig. (Gab.) mtü. arkyš ’Bote, Karawane’, čag. Rbγ. arγyš, čag. arkiš, arγiš ’Handel mit Produkten des Landes (Korn)’; čag. arkyš, arkiš ’Freund, Gefährte’, tel. usw. arγyš, kyz. (J.) hak. arγys, jak. arγys ’спутник, товарищ на пути’ (tü. > syrj. argyš ’Rentierkarawane’; russ. Vasm. 1: 23 аргиш usw.); tel. arγyš-ta-n ’eine Genossenschaft bilden’; jak. arγar ’располагать предметы один позади другого или один над другим’ < ? tü. arka ’Rücken’; osm. krm. arka-daš ’Gefährte, Freund’
