𐰚𐰅𐱁

ke:ş

Meaning:
quiver

ke:ş denotes a quiver for arrows. It is attested in the Yenisei inscriptions and in the Old Uyghur textual tradition, and Kāšġarī records it as ke:ş, explicitly distinguishing its closed e: from the i: of ki:ş “sable”. The word continues in later Khwarezmian and Kipchak sources, although Kāšġarī states that the Oğuz and the Kipchaks known to him did not use it.

Survives in Karaim keş, in Karaim (Lutsk–Halich dialect) kes, Tuvan (Todzha dialect) xeş, Tofalar xeş and Sakha kehex.

Its further etymology is uncertain.

Alternative spellings:
𐰚𐰅𐱀

In modern languages

Select a region to see the cognate.
Language Cognate
Turkmen The cognate has disappeared from this language.
Turkish (Azerbaijan) The cognate has disappeared from this language.
Turkish (Türkiye) The cognate has disappeared from this language.
Salar The cognate has disappeared from this language.
Gagauz The cognate has disappeared from this language.
Crimean No cognate has been entered for this language yet.
Uyghur No cognate has been entered for this language yet.
Uzbek No cognate has been entered for this language yet.
Kazakh No cognate has been entered for this language yet.
Nogai No cognate has been entered for this language yet.
Siberian Tatar No cognate has been entered for this language yet.
Kyrgyz No cognate has been entered for this language yet.
Altai No cognate has been entered for this language yet.
Alan No cognate has been entered for this language yet.
Kumyk No cognate has been entered for this language yet.
Tatar No cognate has been entered for this language yet.
Bashkir No cognate has been entered for this language yet.
Tıva xeš
Khakas No cognate has been entered for this language yet.
Sakha (Yakut, Dolgan) kehex
Khalaj No cognate has been entered for this language yet.
Chuvash No cognate has been entered for this language yet.

Examples

E3: Uyuq Turan
1

Translations

German:
Köcher
Russian:
колчан
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
oxluq, ox qabı
Turkish (Türkiye):
ok kılıfı

  • Hendrik Boeschoten (2022) A dictionary of early middle Turkic p. 166
    keš ‘quiver’ (IM, MAn, XŠ, CCb, TZ, KD)
  • Dr. Jens Wilkens (2021) Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen: Altuigurisch – Deutsch – Türkisch | Eski Uygurcanın El Sözlüğü: Eski Uygurca – Almanca – Türkçe p. 367
    keš Köcher || okluk
  • Sergei Starostin, Anna Dybo, Oleg Mudrak (2003) Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languages p. 696-697
    [PA reconstruction] ‘quiver, ornaments for quiver’ Tung. *kulmaki; Mong. *kul-da-; Turk. *Keĺ; Jpn. [reconstruction].

    PTung. *kulmaki vessel for spoons, knives etc. made of birch bark (берестяной сосуд для ложек, ножей и т.п.): Neg. kulumux; Ul. kolomo, kulumu; Ork. xulmew, xulmeu; Nan. kurmī, xurmu; Orch. kolomon, kulumun.
    ◊ ТМС 1, 429. Contaminated with *kormaki, see sub *kúra(mV).

    PMong. *kul-da- 1 to glue (strips of birch bark on a bow) 2 thin strips of bone, horn or wood with which furniture, etc. is decorated (1 приклеивать (полоски бересты к луку) 2 тонкие полоски кости, рога или дерева для украшения мебели и т.п.): WMong. qulda- 1, qulda-sun 2; Kh. xulda- 1, xuldās 2; Bur. xuldāha(n) ‘coffin made of birch-bark or felt’ (?).

    PTurk. *Keĺ quiver (колчан): OTurk. keš (OUygh., Yenis.); Karakh. keš (MK); MTurk. keš (Qutb., MA, IM); Krm. keš, kes; Kirgh. keš (R); Tv. xeš (Todzh., Рас. ФиЛ 188); Tof. xeš 1; Yak. kesex (Пек.).
    ◊ VEWT 258, EDT 752, MNT 1697, ЭСТЯ 5, 60-61 (see ibid. the literature on the history of arms).

    PJpn. [reconstruction] chape, stripes and ornaments for quivers, furniture etc. (оковка ножен, полосы и украшения для колчанов, мебели и т.п.): MJpn. kòzìrì; Tok. kojiri.
    ◊ JLTT 460.

    ‖ An interesting common Altaic cultural term (although Mong. -u- here is not quite regular; one would expect -i-/-e- or -ö-).
  • Gerard Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish p. 752
    ké:ş ‘a quiver’; the closed -é:- is well established by the O. Kır. and other spellings. Survives only(?) in NW Kar. L., T. R II 1180; l.-w. in Pe., Doerfer III 1697. Other modern languages use either phr. like ‘arrow case’ or forms of Mong. sağadak/sa’adak. O. Kır. ix ff. altu:nluğ (sic) kéşig bélimte: bantım ‘I have bound the golden quiver round my waist’ Mal. 3, 2; ditto (with minor changes) do. 10, 5; altu:n kéş adrıldım (sic?) ‘I have parted from my golden quiver’ do. 25, 3: Xak. xi ké:ş bi’l-imāla ‘with -é-’ (i.e. in contrast to ki:ş which precedes it) al-kināna ‘quiver’; the Oğuz and their Kıp. kinsmen do not know this word Kaş. III 126; 8 o.o.: xiv Muh. al-ca‘ba ‘quiver’ ké:ş Mel. 5, 15; Rif. 76 (quoted as a word in which yā’ represents -é:- in contrast with ki:ş in which it represents -i:-): Xwar. xiv kéş ‘quiver’ Qutb 97: Kom. xiv ‘quiver’ kéş CCG; Gr.: Kıp. xv kināna kéş Tuh. 31a. 2.
  • M Räsänen, I Kecskeméti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen p. 258
    keš atü. (Thoms., JSFOu 30⁴: 8) keš ‘ceinture’ (Orkun 4, 59 ‘okluk, sadak’), mtü. keš ‘Köcher’, kar.L. käš CC. keš, kkir. keš ‘Gürtel’, soj. käš ‘Fell, Leder’ (> wog. TLW 133 keš ‘Salzfass’), osm. käš ‘Weichen’, ‘Achselhöhle’, ‘Umarmung’; jak. käsäχ ‘колчан’