𐱅𐰇
tǖ
Meaning:
body hair; animal hair; feather
The relationship between the early vowel-final form and widespread later forms with -k remains uncertain.
Examples
Translations
German:
Körperhaar; Tierhaar; Feder
Russian:
волосы на теле; шерсть; перо
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
tük
Turkish (Türkiye):
tüy
Bibliography 4
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Dr. Jens Wilkens (2021) Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen | Eski Uygurcanın El Sözlüğüpp. 778b–779app. 778b–779a
²tüü < TochB to Körperhaar, Fell || tüy, kıl, deri; Haarwirbel, Haarflocke (Skt. ūrṇā) (eines der zweiunddreißig Schönheitszeichen des Buddha) || kıvrık saç, saç kıvrımı (Skt. ūrṇā) (Buda’nın otuz iki Lakṣaṇa’sından biri)
tü sač Körper- und Kopfhaare || tüy ve saç
tü üti → tüü üti
tüü ävini Körperhaar || tüy
tüü täri Fell² || deri²
tüü tüp Haarspitze || saç ucu
tüü tüpi Haarspitze || saç ucu
tüü tüpi yokaru turgu täg haarsträubend || tüyler ürpertici
tüü tüüpisi † (alter Fehler für → tüü tüpi) || (→ tüü tüpi için eski bir hata)
tüü üti Pore || gözenek
tüü yüti → tüü üti
tüünüŋ täŋinčä im Maße eines Haares || bir saç uzunluğunda -
Sergei Starostin, Anna Dybo, Oleg Mudrak (2003) Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languagesp. 1442p. 1442
*t῾iūk῾e ( ~ -i) hair (on body): Tung. *tiKi ( ~ -ü-); Mong. *tokum; Turk. *tǖk.
PTung. *tiKi ( ~ -ü-) hair on skin (шерсть на шкуре): Evk. tikikta; Evn. tīken; Neg. tịkta; Orch. tikta.
◊ ТМС 2, 178.
PMong. *tokum 1 saddle blanket 2 to saddle (1 попона 2 седлать): MMong. toxu (HY 39), toqu’ul- 2 (SH), ṭoɣu- (IM), tuɣum (LH); WMong. toqum 1, toqu- 2 (L 829, 830); Kh. toxum, toxom 1, toxo- 2; Bur. toxom 1, toxo- 2; Kalm. toxəm 1, toxə- 2; Ord. doxom 1, doxo- 2; Dag. toku, toko 1, togu- 2 (Тод. Даг. 168 toxo-, togo-), toke 1, tohe-, toke- 2 (MD 225); Dong. toɣun 1, toɣu- 2; Bao. toχə- 2; S.-Yugh. toGom 1, toGo- 2; Mongr. tuGun (SM 429), tuGum 1, tuGu- (SM 428) 2.
◊ KW 397, MGCD 363, 642, 643. Mong. > Oyr. toqɨ-, toqum etc. (see TMN 1, 272, 274, Лексика 544–545); > Evk. toku-, tokum etc. (see Poppe 1966, 196, Doerfer MT 104, Rozycki 209).
PTurk. *tǖk 1 feather 2 (animal’s) hair 3 (body) hair 4 fur 5 hair (1 перо 2 шерсть (животного) 3 волос (на теле) 4 мех 5 волос): OTurk. tü 1, 3 (OUygh.); Karakh. tü 3 (MK, KB); Tur. tüj 1–5; Gag. tüj 1, 2, 3; Az. tük 1,2,3,5; Turkm. tüj 2,3; Sal. tüx, žüx 2 (ССЯ); Khal. tīk 3; MTurk. tük, tüj, tüg 3 (Sangl.); Uzb. tuk 3; Uygh. tük 2, 3; Krm. tik, tük 2, 3; Tat. tök 1, 2, 3; Bashk. tök 2, 3; Kirgh. tük 2, 3; Kaz. tük 3; KBalk. tük 1, 2, 3; KKalp. tük 1, 2, 3; Kum. tük 3; Nogh. tük 1, 2, 3; Khak. tük 1, 2, 3; Shr. tük 1; Oyr. tük 1, 2, 3; Tv. dük 3, 5; Tof. dük (Рас. ФиЛ), tük 2, 3, 5; Chuv. tə̆k 1, 3; Yak. tǖ 1, 2, 3, 4; Dolg. tǖ 1, 2.
◊ VEWT 503; EDT 433 (: originally only ‘body hair’, opposed to sač ‘hair of head’, kɨl ‘hair (in general)’ and jüg ‘feather’); Лексика 197–198; Stachowski 236. Loss of *-k in OT and Yak. is not quite clear (perhaps a rather unique development of the final *-ǖk).
‖ АПиПЯЯ 282, Дыбо 10, Лексика 198. A Western isogloss. -
Gerard Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkishp. 433a–bp. 433a–b
tü: specifically ‘the hair of the body’ (as opposed to saç ‘the hair of the head’; kıl ‘hair’ generally, and esp. ‘a stiff hair, bristle’; and yü:g ‘feather’) but also occasionally used for ‘feathers’, and in Xak. as a Numerative. Kaş.’s other translations are peculiar to him. In Uyğ. consistently spelt tuu; tügi in U III 38, 33–4 (bürtül-) is prob. a misreading of tüsi, but the word did become tüg in the medieval period (exceptionally, this is certainly the later not the earlier form) and s.i.a.m.l.g. as tüg/tük; SW Osm., Tkm. tüy. Türkü viii ff. (I am a golden-winged eagle) tanım tüsi: takı: tüke:mezken ‘although my body feathers are not yet fully grown’ IrkB 3: Uyğ. viii ff. Bud. (he was terrified and) tü tübleri yokaru turup ‘the roots of his body hair stood up’ U II 29, 17–18; tü köz kaşı kapakı közünü turur ‘her hair, eyebrows, and eyelids are clearly visible’ TT X 436–7 (so read); birer birer tü sayu ‘every single hair’ Suv. 348, 2; a.o. TT V 12, 117 (evin): Civ. (if a man rubs the ashes of a dog’s tooth on himself) tü ünmez bolur ‘the body hair does not grow’ TT VII 23, 3–4; eşğek tüsi ‘donkey’s hair’ H I 104; o.o. do. 116: xiv Chin.-Uyğ. Dict. ‘hair’ tük tülük (sic?) R III 1530; Ligeti 271: Xak. xi tü: şa‘ru’l-badan ‘the body hair’; hence one says bi:r tü: saç şu‘ayra ‘one small hair’: tü: al-lawn ‘colour’; hence one says tü:deş to:nla:r ‘garments of one colour’ (‘alā lawn wāḥid): tü: şiyatu’l-xayl ‘a horse’s coat’; hence one says atıŋ ne: tü:lüg ‘what (coloured) coat has your horse?’ Kaş. III 207; a.o. II 24, 4: tü: tü: çeçek çergeşü:r ‘flowers of every kind (min kull cins) grow in rows’ I 179, 22 and II 283, 5: KB tümen tü çeçekler ‘innumerable flowers’ 70; tümen miŋ tü erdem ‘innumerable manly virtues’ 304; (my fiftieth year has come and) kuğu kıldı kuzğun tüsi teg başım ‘and has made my head which was like a raven’s feathers like a swan’s’ 365; o.o. 1106, 1512, 1979: xiii(?) Tef. tüg ‘body hair’ 318: Çağ. xv ff. tük (‘rhyming with ğük’) mū ‘hair’; in Rūmī tüy San. 183r. 4: Xwar. xiii(?) bedeninüŋ kamağı tüg tülüklüg boldı ‘the whole of his body became hairy’ Oğ. 14–15: Kip. xv rīš ‘feathers’ (yuŋ and) tüg Tuh. 16b. 13: Osm. xiv and xv tü ‘body hair’ in several texts TTS I 704; III 692; IV 769: xvii tüg once (III); xviii tüy (5) in Rūmī, mūy ‘hair’, also called by them tüg San. 188r. 15; a.o. do. 183r. 4. -
M Räsänen, I Kecskeméti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachenp. 503ap. 503a
uig. tü, tū (< *tü-k, *tü-g), mtü. tü ‘Haar’, ‘Farbe’ (sem. vgl. finn. karva ‘Haar’, ‘Farbe’), čag. kmk. blk. krč. usw. tük ‘Haar, Tierhaar’, ‘Haare am Menschen’, ‘Flaumfedern’, soj. dük ‘волос’, kaz. tök, čuv. tək, tök ‘Haar, Feder’; *tü-g: osm. krm. tüj ‘Haar, Flaum’, trkm. tüj ‘волос’, jak. tū ‘пух, шерст’; uig. mtü. tū-lüg ‘haarig’; hak. tüg-dür ‘косматый’; jak. tū-lā-χ ‘волосатый’
~ ? mo. (KWb. 414) tügderkej ‘schwach, morsch, mürbe’
