𐰆𐰍𐱁
uguş
Meaning:
extended family, clan; lineage, generation
In early Turkic society, uğuş designated a kinship group smaller than a tribe (bod) but larger than a single household or nuclear family—roughly an extended family or clan. It also came to denote a generation or degree of kinship.
Brāhmī-script evidence favours initial u- in uğuş, whereas the familiar reading oğuş has often been used. In Buddhist texts the noun also acquired the technical sense “element, sphere” as a rendering of Sanskrit dhātu.
Examples
Translations
German:
Großfamilie, Sippe; Abstammung, Generation
Russian:
большая семья, род; происхождение, поколение
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
geniş ailə, soy; nəsil
Turkish (Türkiye):
geniş aile, soy, sülale
Bibliography 4
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Hendrik Boeschoten (2022) A dictionary of early middle Turkicp. 369bp. 369b
uġuš ‘clan, tribe’ (QT1–3, QA) [krg. uus] -
Dr. Jens Wilkens (2021) Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen | Eski Uygurcanın El Sözlüğüp. 788a–bp. 788a–b
¹uguš Stamm, Sippe, Familie, Clan, Geschlecht, Gruppe, Kaste, Klasse (Skt. jāti), Verwandtschaft, Herkunft, Abstammung, Abstammungslinie, Stand (Skt. varṇa), Art, Spezies || soy, kabile, aile, asıl, nesil, grup, kast, zümre (Skt. jāti), akrabalık, köken, nesep, sınıf (Skt. varṇa), nevi, tür; Element, Bereich, Sphäre (Skt. dhātu) || element, saha, alan, çevre (Skt. dhātu)
uguš tarıg Abstammung₂ || köken₂
uguš töz Stamm und Wurzel || soy ve kök; Herkunft₂ || köken₂
ugušlarıg bölmäk adrıtlamak Klassifikation₂ der Elemente (Übersetzung von Skt. dhātukośa = Kapitel des Abhidharmakośa) || elementleri sınıflandırma₂ (Skt. dhātukośa’nın tercümesi = Abhidharmakośa’nın bir bölümü) -
Gerard Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkishp. 96a–bp. 96a–b
uğuş in the early period a population unit smaller than a tribe, or a clan (1 bo:d) but larger than a single unitary family, ‘extended family’, or, less precisely, ‘family’; from this it came to mean ‘a generation’ or ‘degree of relationship’ (one clear case in TT VI), and later ‘a junior member of the family, grandchild’ (properly atı:). The initial u- is fixed by spellings in TT VIII. Survives as oğuş ‘grandchild’ in SW Osm. Red. 258 (only) and xx Anat. SDD 1085. Türkü viii (listen to me, all you my younger brothers, sons) biriki: uğuşım bodunım ‘my united family and my people’ I S 1, II N 1; (if one man offended, they destroyed) uğuşı: bodunı: beşükine: tegi: ‘his family and people right down to (infants in) the cradle’ I S 6, II N 4; (we surrounded and killed at Toŋra: Tegin’s funeral) Toŋra: bir uğuş alpağu: on eriğ ‘one family of Toŋra: ten fighting men’ I N 7; (ditto) Toŋra: yılpağu:tı: (sic) bir uğuşığ ‘one family of Toŋra: fighting men’ II E 31; Basmıl Iduk(k)ut uğuşım bodunım erti: ‘the Basmil (and their) Idukkut were my family and people’ II E 25: Uyğ. viii ff. Man. kamığ tınlığ uğuşı ‘all the families of mankind’ TT III 35 and 114: Bud. Sanskrit svavarjako bhavati ‘he becomes one who abandons his family’ uğuş (very faint, apparently ukuz) toŋta:rğu:luk bolur TT VIII A.5; Sanskrit kula ‘family’ töz u:ğu:ş (spelt tös u:hu:ş) do. D.27; in U II 34–6 it occurs several times, translating (1) Chinese shên ‘body’ (Giles 9,813) in asurı uğuşınta ‘the (corporate) body of Asuras’ 34, 18; (2) Chinese chia ‘family’ (Giles 1,139) in bayağutlar uğuşınta ‘in a family of rich men’ 36, 37; (3) Chinese hsing ‘extended family, clan’ (Giles 4,599) in the phr. töz uğuş 35, 29 and 30; a.o. of this phr. PP 67, 1 (belgürt-); (I am a heretic) uğuşımdın tarığımdın berü ‘by heredity’ Hüen-ts. 291; (all will be well) yettinç uğuşka tegi ‘up to the seventh generation’ (or ‘degree of relationship’) TT VI 300–1; o.o. U II 44, 27; 68, 4 (i): Xak. xi uğuş al-‘aşira Kaş. I 61; o.o., same translation, I 81, 1; 114, 16; II 83, 21; 103, 25; the contexts make it clear that the meaning is ‘extended family’ or ‘clan’: xiii(?) Tef. uğuş ‘tribe’ (in the context of the twelve tribes of Israel) 233 (oğuş): xiv Rbğ. uğuş ‘grandson’ R I 1620 (quotn.): Çağ. xv ff. uğuş nabira wa ahfâd ‘grandson’ San. 77r. 6. -
M Räsänen, I Kecskeméti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachenp. 358ap. 358a
uig. (Gab.) oγuš ‘Stamm, Sippe, Generation, Verwandtschaft’, mtü. oγuš ‘Stamm’, ? jak. ūs ‘род, поколение, племя, семейство’
~ ? mo. (KWb. 446) ug ‘Anfang, Herkunft’
