𐰉𐰽𐰃𐰣-

basın-

Meaning:
1. to be pressed down; 2. sink or become embedded; 3. to be oppressed or subjugated; 4. to lose heart, become intimidated or downcast
Details:

Although basın- is formally reflexive or middle, it frequently behaves as an active transitive verb meaning “oppress, subjugate, confiscate” or “despise”. Alongside these lexicalized meanings it retains the expected intransitive senses “be pressed down, sink” and “lose heart, become intimidated”. The meaning “despise” probably developed through the image of pressing someone down or treating that person as inferior.

Word family

In modern languages

Select a region to see the cognate.
Language Cognate
Turkmen -
Turkish (Azerbaijan) -
Turkish (Türkiye) -
Salar -
Gagauz -
Crimean -
Uyghur -
Uzbek -
Kazakh basın
Nogai -
Siberian Tatar -
Kyrgyz basın
Altai -
Alan -
Kumyk -
Tatar -
Bashkir -
Tıva -
Khakas -
Sakha (Yakut, Dolgan) -
Khalaj -
Chuvash -

Examples

Irıq Bitig
1

Translations

German:
1. unterdrückt werden; 2. versinken; 3. verachtet werden
Russian:
быть подавленным; погружаться; быть угнетённым, презираемым
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
basılmaq
Turkish (Türkiye):
basılmak
  • Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish p. 374
    D basın- Refl. f. of bas-; with a wide range of meanings comparable to those of bas-, some unusual for a Refl. f. S.i.s.m.l.g., but ? not in SE, SC, SW. Türkü viii (why should we be afraid because (the enemy) are many?) az teyin ne basınalım ‘why should we be downcast because (we) are few?’ T 39: viii ff. (a camel fell into a bog) basınu: yémi:ş özi:n tilkü: yémi:ş ‘while he was sinking he eat, but a fox eat him’ IrkB 46: Man. (all the Türk people will sin against God) kanyuda dındarlarığ [gap] basınğay ölürgeyler ‘and wherever [they find?] Elect they will oppress and kill them’: Uyğ. viii ff. Bud. TT VI 10 (ıyın-): Xak. xi ol erig basındı: istaḍ‘afa’l-racul wa qaharahu ‘he despised the man and oppressed him’ Kaş. II 142 (basınur, basınma:k): KB (if the king calls for you, mend your ways, do him service and) basınma anı ‘do not treat him with disrespect’ 1504; (the fame of an enemy whom you have not met face to face spreads far and wide) körüşse basınur körügli karak ‘when you see one another, the seeing eye despises him’ 2368; o.o. 646, 4085: Xwar. xiv basın- ‘to treat with disrespect’ Qutb 28.