𐰑𐰴
adak
Meaning:
foot
Some linguists derive this word from the hypothetical reconstructed verb āt- (“to take a step”).
Alternative spellings:
اَذَقْ
Expressions:
Word family
In modern languages (21 / 22)
Select a region to see the cognate.
| Language | Cognate |
|---|---|
| Turkmen | aýak |
| Turkish (Azerbaijan) | ayaq |
| Turkish (Türkiye) | ayak |
| Salar | ayaq |
| Gagauz | ayak |
| Crimean | ayaq |
| Uyghur | ayaq |
| Uzbek | oyoq |
| Kazakh | ayaq |
| Nogai | ayak |
| Siberian Tatar | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
| Kyrgyz | ayak |
| Altai | ayak |
| Alan | ayaq |
| Kumyk | ayaq |
| Tatar | ayaq |
| Bashkir | ayaq |
| Tıva | adak |
| Khakas | azax |
| Sakha (Yakut, Dolgan) | atax, atak |
| Khalaj | hadaq |
| Chuvash | ora |
Examples
No corpus links yet.
Translations
German:
Fuß
Russian:
нога
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
ayaq
Turkish (Türkiye):
ayak
Bibliography 2
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Gerard Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish4545
aḏak originally rather indefinitely ‘leg, foot’; in some contexts one meaning seems to be required to the exclusion of the other, in others vice versa. Became a l.-w. in Mong. as adak (Kow. 68, Haltod 15) but apparently only in the metaph. meanings ‘the foot (of a mountain), the end, or mouth (of a river); end; final’. S.i.a.m.l.g., usually as ayak or the like, in its original meaning; but in some languages adak was reborrowed fr. Mong. with the meanings current in that language. Türkü viii Türkü bodun aḏak kamşatdı: ‘the Türkü people let their feet waver’ (and began to panic) I N 7; same phr. but kamşat(t)ı: II E 30: viii ff. Man. (seeing with our eyes . . . touching with our hands) aḏakın yorıp ‘walking with our legs’ Chuas. 314; (his clothing) baştan (sic) aḏak(k)a tegi ‘from head to foot’ M I 5, 13: Uyğ. viii ff. Man.-A (as the eye is dear) aḏakka ‘to the legs’ (and the hand to the mouth) M I 23, 5; a.o. 17, 19 (1 u:ç): Man. baştın berü aḏakka tegi ‘from head to foot’ (perhaps metaph. ‘from beginning to end’) M I 30, 24-5: Bud. eligin aḏakın beklep ‘binding him hand and foot’ PP 63, 5; (of a bull) tört aḏakın ‘his four legs’ do. 65, 5; o.o. U II 24, 2; U III 35, 10; TT VIII (several): Civ. aḏak ağrığka em ‘a remedy for a pain in the legs’ H I 137; a.o. TT I 198 (apam); (in certain circumstances) Bulmışka ton etük aḏak baş bermezmen ‘I shall give Bulmış no clothing or footwear at all’ USp. 51, 7 (aḏak baş seems to be attached ungrammatically to the previous words); o.o. H II 30, 189; TT VII 21, 4; 25, 4: xiv Chin.-Uyğ. Dict. ‘his foot’ aḏakı Ligeti 125: Xak. xi aḏak al-ricl ‘leg, foot’ Kaş. I 65; ayak al-qadam ‘foot’, dialect form (luğa) of aḏak I 84; in the Chapter on phonetics I 32, 3 ff. it is said that the Çigil and other (genuine) Turks call al-ricl aḏak and some Kıpçak, the Yeme:k, Suwa:r, Bulğa:r, and other peoples stretching to al-Rūs and al-Rūm call it azak, and (by implication) the Yağma:, Tuxsı:, (other) Kıpçak, Yaba:ku, Tata:r, Ka:y, Çumul and Oğuz ayak; about 40 o.o. of aḏak, usually al-ricl or al-qadam, nearly always spelt ada:k: xiii(?) At. (by fate the thorn pierces) aḏakka ‘the foot’ 455; Tef. aḏak/ayak ‘leg, foot’ 40, 44: xiv Rbğ. aḏağ (mis-spelt adağ) ‘foot’ R I 478; Muh. al-ricl aya:ğ Mel. 48, 6; aya:k Rif. 142; in the phonetic passage Mel. 7, 9-11; Rif. 79 (which is corrupt and should be restored as follows) it is said that the Turkistānīs call al-qa‘b ‘leg’ aḏa:ğ/aḏa:k and the Turks of our country aya:ğ/aya:k: Çağ. xv ff. ayağ/ayak pāy ‘foot’ Vel. 39; ayağ/ayak pā San. 57r. 5 (quotn.); adak (sic) ‘a wooden object’ (çūbī) ‘like a cart which they make for children, so that they may be put into them and learn to walk’ 33r. 29 (no doubt the Mong. l.-w. reborrowed): Xwar. xiii ayak ‘foot’ ‘Ali 13: xiii(?) aḏakı ud aḏakı teg ‘his legs were like an ox’s legs’ Oğ. 12; a.o.o.: xiv aḏak ‘leg, foot’ Qutb 3; ayak do. 6; aḏak MN 106; ayak do. 115, etc.; (he walked looking at) aḏakıŋa ‘his feet’ Nahc. 237, 12: Kıp. xiii (after a list of parts of the leg) macmū‘u’l-ricl ‘the leg as a whole’ aya:k Hou. 21, 9: xiv aḏak al-ricl in Bulğar, elsewhere pronounced ayak İd. 9 (cf. 1 iḏi:, uḏı:-): xv al-ricl aya:ğ Kav. 61, 9; ricl ayak Tuh. 16b. 8: Osm. xiv ff. ayak in numerous phr. and idioms TTS I 54-7; II 71-5; III 48-51; IV 51-6. -
M Räsänen, I Kecskeméti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen55---
