𐰃𐰏𐰓-
igid-
Meaning:
to feed, nourish; to rear, bring up; to maintain, care for
The reading igid- is secured by Brahmi-script attestations. The alternative reading eğit- arose from a misreading of poorly written passages in the Vienna manuscript of the Qutadğu Bilig; it subsequently supplied the modern Turkish revival meaning “to educate”.
Examples
Translations
German:
ernähren, füttern; aufziehen, großziehen; versorgen, pflegen
Russian:
кормить, питать; растить, воспитывать; содержать, заботиться
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
yedirtmək, bəsləmək; böyütmək, yetişdirmək; dolandırmaq, qayğısına qalmaq
Turkish (Türkiye):
beslemek, doyurmak; büyütmek, yetiştirmek; geçimini sağlamak, bakımını üstlenmek
Bibliography 5
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Hendrik Boeschoten (2022) A dictionary of early middle Turkicp. 145, s.v. igiḏ=p. 145, s.v. igiḏ=
igiḏ= 1. ‘to feed, care for s.o.’ / igit= (QA) / yigiḏ= (QT3) / yigid= (QT3); ügäy yigidmä qïz ‘stepdaughter in one’s care’ (QT3). igiḏ= 2. ‘to raise, bring up’ / igit= (QAb,t, XŠ) | Igidgän ‘the Provider’ (IM) / Igitgän (QT1, FZ) | igdiš 1. ‘cross-bred’ (IM ar. مُوَلَّد, KT) [SAN 108v28 igdiš/ igdič]. igdiš 2. ‘gelding’ (KD) [tt. iğdiš] -
Dr. Jens Wilkens (2021) Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen | Eski Uygurcanın El Sözlüğüp. 296, s.v. igid-p. 296, s.v. igid-
igid- ernähren, füttern, aufziehen, pflegen, sorgen (für), sich kümmern (um), (j-n) erziehen || beslemek, yem vermek, bakmak, (birisiyle) ilgilenmek, büyütmek, eğitmek, yetiştirmek; fördern || desteklemek; in Obhut nehmen, sorgen für || himayesi altına almak, bakımını üstlenmek; züchten || yetiştirmek; unterhalten || geçimini temin etmek; beschützen || korumak; aufbewahren || muhafaza etmek
igid- ačın- pflegen₂, ernähren₂, aufziehen und versorgen || beslemek₂, bakmak₂, büyütmek ve beslemek
igid- balturt- aufziehen₂, ernähren₂, pflegen₂ || yetiştirmek₂, beslemek₂, bakmak₂
igid- igdülä- ernähren₂ || beslemek₂
igidmiš ana Pflegemutter || çocuğun bakımını üstlenen anne, analık
igidmiš ög Pflegemutter || çocuğun bakımını üstlenen anne, analık
yigid- ačın- → igid- ačın- -
Sergei Starostin, Anna Dybo, Oleg Mudrak (2003) Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languagespp. 495–496, s.v. *ḗgópp. 495–496, s.v. *ḗgó
✸ḗgó big, many: Tung. *egdi; Mong. *aɣu-; Turk. *ēg-id-; Jpn. *ənki-rə; Kor. *ə̀’ǔí-.
PTung. *egdi 1 big 2 many (1 большой 2 много): Evn. eɣdъ 1; Neg. egdi 2; Ul. egdi 2; Ork. egǯi 2; Nan. egǯi 2; Orch. egdi 2; Ud. egdi 2; Sol. egdūɣ 1.
◊ See ТМС 2, 359-360.
PMong. *aɣu- 1 large, wide, vast 2 very (1 обширный, широкий 2 очень): MMong. a’ue (HY 53, SH), āw, aw (MA 108, 371) 1; WMong. aɣuu, uu (L 18), aɣudam (L 16) 1, aɣui (L 16) 2; Kh. agū, ūdam, ūǯim 1, agū, aguj 2; Bur. ū, ūžam 1; Kalm. aɣū, ū 1; Ord. ūǯim 1; Mog. ɔɣui 1 (Weiers); ZM ạɣu(n) (13-1) 1; Dag. au 1 (Тод. Даг. 122, MD 116); Dong. aGui, aɣui 1, uida; Bao. ū 1; S.-Yugh. aɣui, ūǯim; Mongr. ʒǖ (SM 462), au (Minghe) 1.
◊ KW 3, 453, MGCD 96, 547, 661, 662.
PTurk. *ēg-id- 1 to grow, bring up 2 high, raised up 3 huge (1 растить, воспитывать 2 высокий, поднятый 3 огромный): OTurk. igid-, egid- 1, ediz (< *ēdgiŕ) 2 (Orkh., OUygh.); Karakh. igiδ- 1, eδiz 2 (MK); Turkm. ǟgirt 3; Yak. īt- 1; Dolg. īt- 1.
◊ EDT 73, 103, VEWT 36, 169, ЭСТЯ 1, 224-225, Stachowski 131.
PJpn. *ənki-rə wide and spacious (обширный и просторный): OJpn. ogjiro.
◊ JLTT 504.
PKor. *ə̀’ǔí- to be broad, wide, extensive (быть широким, протяженным): MKor. ə̀’ǔí-.
◊ Nam 364.
‖ EAS 73, VEWT 169, SKE 62, 59, АПиПЯЯ 291. Korean has ə- instead of the expected *ă, because the latter cannot stand in Anlaut. A derivative of the same root may be MKor. ón ‘hundred’ (< *ēgo-nV). -
Gerard Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkishp. 103b, s.v. igid-p. 103b, s.v. igid-
igid- ‘to feed (a person or animal Acc.)’. The spelling is fixed by scriptions of this verb and igidil- in TT VIII. N.o.a.b. Radloff misread it in badly-written passages in the Vienna MS. of KB as eğit-, and it has recently been revived as eğit- in Rep. Turkish for ‘to educate’, but this, too, is an error. Türkü viii (the Türkü people were hungry) ol yılkı:ğ alı:p igit(t)im ‘I took those cattle and fed them’ II E 38; Türkü sir bodunuğ Oğuz bodunuğ igidü: oluru:r (Bilge Xağan) ‘rules feeding the fortunate(?) Türkü people and the Oğuz people’ T 62; artuk yılkı:ğ igit(t)i: ‘he fed more livestock’ Ix. 25; seven o.o. in I and II: viii ff. Man. ançulayu kaltı él(l)ig oğlı téginig avurtalar éliginte igidürçe ‘just as a king feeds his son the prince in the arms of foster-mothers’ (that is ‘gives the prince to foster-mothers to suckle’) M III 14, 3 (iii): Uyğ. viii ff. Bud. Sanskrit nānyāni niśrtya jīveta ‘he must not live by relying on others’ neŋ adınlarka: tayanıp öz igidgülük ermez TT VIII E.8 (d represented by t and t by dh); anın öz igidür ‘thereby maintains himself’ PP 3, 5; takığu igidgüçi ‘poultry-keeper’ TT IV 8, 56; o.o. PP 72,3; U IV 76, 4; USp. 88, 28; common in TT VI: Civ. Chinese ch’u ‘to feed, nourish’ (Giles 2,659) igidmek in the names of two hexagrams TT I 159, 161, 205: Xak. xi ol anı: igitti: rabbāhu ‘he reared him’; originally igidti: with the -d- assimilated to the -t- Kaş. I 213 (igidür, igidme:k): KB (of God) igidgen 124; yok erdim törütti igidti méni ‘I did not exist, then He created and nourished me’ 1097; a.o. 3549: xiv Muh. (among the titles of God) al-rabb ‘lord’ igidge:n Mel. 44, 11; Rif. 137 (-g- marked, -d- for -ḏ-): Xwar. xiv (of God) igitken Qutb 57. -
M Räsänen, I Kecskeméti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachenp. 169b, s.v. uig. igid, igitp. 169b, s.v. uig. igid, igit
uig. (Gab.) igid, igit ’pflegen’, mtü. igiδ (Br. ikiδ) ’erziehen’; mtü. igdiš (Br. ikdiš) ’Söhne einer Mutter, aber verschiedener Väter’, IM. ikdiš ’aslı Arap olmayıpta, araplar arasında doğan kimse’, osm. igdiš ’ein Türke, dessen Mutter eine Inderin ist’; ? mtü. iktü ’Mastvieh’
~ mo. (KWb. 205—6) jeke ’gross’
~ tung. gold. seke
~ kor. (SKE 62) hjek, sek ’magnificent’
