𐰚𐰇𐰤
kün
Meaning:
1. sun 2. day
kün is an old Turkic simplex noun with the closely connected meanings “sun” and “day”. “Sun” is probably historically primary, with “day, daylight period” developing metonymically from it, although both meanings are already ancient.
Alternative spellings:
𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺
کون
Expressions:
Word family
In modern languages (22 / 22)
Select a region to see the cognate.
| Language | Cognate |
|---|---|
| Turkmen | gün |
| Turkish (Azerbaijan) | gün |
| Turkish (Türkiye) | gün |
| Salar | gün |
| Gagauz | gün |
| Crimean | kün |
| Uyghur | kün |
| Uzbek | kun |
| Kazakh | kün |
| Nogai | kün |
| Siberian Tatar | kön |
| Kyrgyz | kün |
| Altai | kün |
| Alan | kün |
| Kumyk | gün |
| Tatar | kön |
| Bashkir | kön |
| Tıva | xün |
| Khakas | kün |
| Sakha (Yakut, Dolgan) | kün |
| Khalaj | kün |
| Chuvash | kun |
Examples
Translations
German:
1. Sonne 2. Tag
Russian:
1. солнце 2. день
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
gün
Turkish (Türkiye):
gün
Bibliography 6
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Hendrik Boeschoten (2022) A dictionary of early middle Turkic182-183182-183
kün 1. ‘sun’ (g.) / gün (IMb); kün äri ‘pagan’ (AH); kün batar ‘west’ (QT2, MAv, XŠ); kün baṭġu yer ‘west’ (IMa) / gün baṭġï yer (IMb); kün batïšï ‘west’ (CCa); kün duġdï ‘east’ (IMa); gün duġmïš yer ‘east’ (IMb); kün tuġar ‘east’ (QT2, MAv); kün toġušï ‘east’ (CCb); kün tuvuš ‘east’ (CCb): kün tovušï ‘east’ (CCa); kündünki ‘southern’ (ON); kündünki buluñda ‘in southern parts’ (ON); küngärü qal= ‘to be exposed to the sun’ (QT2). kün 2. ‘day’ (g.) / gün (IMb); kündä ‘each day’ (MAv, QA, NF, CCa); kündälik ‘daily’ (MAv); kündäki ‘daily’ (MAv) / kündägi (CC); kündägi ötmäk ‘daily bread’ (CCb); bukün ‘today’ (CCa) / bugün (CCb); bu künki ‘today’s, that day’s’ (QT2–3); kün kün ‘from day to day’ (QA); kündin kün ‘from day to day’ (NF); kün kälü ‘from day to day’ (QAt,c); Kün Yïldïz ‘Venus’ (KD); kün käčür= ‘to continue doing’ (QT4 ar. ظَلَّ); Tapunurmiz butlarġa, kün käčrürmiz aña päyvästälik qïlġanlar ‘We worship idols and remain devoted to them’ (QT4) | künlük 1. ‘daily’ (TZ). künlük 2. ‘daily wage’ (MAv); Künlükgä tärkä tutdï ter ärini ‘He hired the workman on a daily basis’ (MAv) | kündäš ‘co-wife’ (TZ) | günġaq ‘day watch’ (IMa ar. حُمَاةُ النَّهَار) -
Dr. Jens Wilkens (2021) Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen | Eski Uygurcanın El Sözlüğü440-441440-441
1 kün Tag (auch Äquivalent von Skt. °aha) || (muhtemelen Toharcada bir Türkçe alıntı) gün (Skt. °aha’nın da eş değeri); tags || gündüz (vgl./krş. TochA koṃ, TochB kauṃ)
kün küniŋä Tag für Tag, von Tag zu Tag || günden güne (vgl./krş. TochA ārts-koṃ konaṃ, koṃ koṃ, kona-koṃ)
kün sayu jeden Tag || her gün
kün tuga bei Sonnenaufgang || güneşin doğuşunda
künkä täglich, am Tag || her gün
künün tagsüber || gündüzleri, gündüzün1 kün Tag (auch Äquivalent von Skt. °aha) || (muhtemelen Toharcada bir Türkçe alıntı) gün (Skt. °aha’nın da eş değeri); tags || gündüz (vgl./krş. TochA koṃ, TochB kauṃ)
kün küniŋä Tag für Tag, von Tag zu Tag || günden güne (vgl./krş. TochA ārts-koṃ konaṃ, koṃ koṃ, kona-koṃ)
kün sayu jeden Tag || her gün
kün tuga bei Sonnenaufgang || güneşin doğuşunda
künkä täglich, am Tag || her gün
künün tagsüber || gündüzleri, gündüzün -
Международная Тюркская Академия (2016) Древнетюркский словарь1. солнце 2. день 3. с каждым днем, день ото дня (в форме дательного падежа)
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Sergei Starostin, Anna Dybo, Oleg Mudrak (2003) Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languages553553
PTurk. *gün(eĺ) / *guńaĺ 1 sun 2 day 3 sunny place 4 sun-heat (1 солнце 2 день 3 солнечное место 4 солнечный жар): OTurk. kün 1, 2 (Orkh., OUygh.), küneš 3 (YB), isig qujaš 4 (OUygh. - Br.); Karakh. kün 1, 2, qujaš 4 (MK), küneš 3 (Tefs.); Tur. gün 2, güneš 1, (dial.) gujaš 1; Gag. gün 1, 2, güneš 1; Az. gün 1, 2, günäš 1; Turkm. gün 1, 2, güneš 1, 4, qujāš 1 (dial.); Sal. gǖn 1, 2; Khal. kin, kün 1, 2, kinäš ‘sonnig’; MTurk. qujaš 1 (Sangl., Abush., Pav. C.), küneš 1 (Pav. C., Abush., Бор. Бад.), kün 1, 2 (Pav. C., MA); Uzb. kun 1, 2, qujɔš 1; Uygh. kün 1, 2, (dial.) qojaš 1; Krm. kün 1, 2, küneš 1, qujaš, qujas 1; Tat. kön 1, 2, qojaš 1; Bashk. kön 1, 2, könäs 4, qojaš 1; Kirgh. kün 1, 2; Kaz. kün 1, 2; KBalk. kün 1, 2; KKalp. kün 1, 2, qujaš 1; Kum. gün 1, 2 güneš 1; Nogh. kün 1, 2, qɨjas 4; SUygh. kun 1, 2; Khak. kün 1, 2; Shr. kün 1, 2, qujaš 1; Oyr. kün 1, 2, dial. qujaš 1 (Kumd., Leb.); Tv. xün 1, 2; Tof. xün 1, 2; Chuv. kon 2, xəₙvel 1; Yak. kün 1, 2, kuās ‘heat’; Dolg. kün 1, kuńās ‘heat’.
◊ VEWT 301, 309 (Räsänen separates *gün and *gun’al’, which is hardly justified); EDT 679, 725, 734, ЭСТЯ 3, 100-104, 6, 112-113, Лексика 20-21, 64-65, 77-78, Федотов 1 306-307, Stachowski 161, 164. The forms *güńeĺ and *guńaĺ must be old dialectal variants. -
Gerard Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish725725
1 kün (g-) originally ‘the sun’; hence, by extension, ‘day’. C.i.a.p.a.l.; in most modern languages it is used only for ‘day’, other words like kuya:ş, küneş being used for ‘sun’; in NW Kumyk: SW Osm., Tkm. gün. See Doerfer III 1688. Türkü viii kün by itself normally means ‘day’ as a measure of time, e.g. yegirmi: kün ‘for twenty days’ I SE; with tün it means ‘day’ as opposed to night, e.g. tünli: künli: yeti: ödüşke: ‘day and night for seven periods of 24 hours’ II SE; it means ‘sun’ only in the phr. kün batsık ‘sun-set, west’ I S 1, II N 2, etc.; kün tuğsık ‘sun-rise, east’ I S 2, etc.; kün ortusı: ‘when the sun is in the middle, south’ I S 2: viii ff. kün ortu: ‘at midday’ IrkB 24; kün tuğdı: do. 26; a.o. do. 52; bir kün ‘one day’ Tun. IV 9 (ETY II 96): Man. el(l)ig kün ‘fifty days’ Chuas. 245; kün tuğdı M I 6, 20; kün künige ‘day by day’ M III 20, 5 (i): Uyğ. viii kün tuğuru: ‘at sunrise’ Şu. E 1; on kün ‘ten days’ do. S 7: ix (my fame reached) kün tuğsık(k)a: batsık(k)a: ‘the far east and west’ Suci 4: viii ff. Man.-A kün teŋri ‘the sun god’ (this phr. often means no more than ‘the sun’) M I 21, 4 (ii); 24, 25: Man. kün teŋri TT III 49; kün künige do. 132: Bud. kün is common for both ‘day’ and ‘sun’; kün ortu ödün kün ortu yıŋak yüzlenip ‘facing south at midday’ TT V 10, 88-9: Civ. kün is common for ‘day’ and sometimes means ‘sun’: O. Kır. ix ff. in funerary inscriptions there is a stock phr. ‘I could not remain with, or was parted from, the sun (and moon)’, teŋri:deki: künke: ‘the sun in the heavens’ Mal. 7, 3; kün ay do. 10, 3; 11, 1 etc.: Xak. xi kün al-şams ‘the sun’; one says kün tuğdı: ‘the sun has risen’ (ṭala‘at); (prov.): kün al-yawm ‘day’; one says bu kün barğıl ‘go today’; the day is called kün only because its lightness is due to the sun Kaş. I 340; I 463 (batsık, tuğsık) and many o.o. often mis-spelt kü:n: KB kün is common in all meanings, e.g. (God created) kün ay birle tün ‘sun, moon, and night’ 3; bu kün ‘today’ 191; tünün ham künün ‘by night and day’ 78: xiii(?) At. bu kün 29, etc., a.o.o.; Tef. kün ‘sun; day’ 189: xiv Muh. al-maşriq ‘the east’ gün duğmış ye:r Mel. 79, 1; Rif. 183 (gü:n duğdı:); al-mağrib ‘the west’ gün batğı: ye:r—gü:n batğu:nı: do.; al-yawm gün 80, 1; ğü:n 184; o.o. Rif. 74 (küneş), 163 (only): Çağ. xv ff. gün (spelt) (1) āftāb ‘the sun’; (2) rūz ‘day’; also used as a title San. 310r. 4 (followed by several phr.): Xwar. xiii(?) kün ‘day’ is common in Oğ.; kün ‘sun’ occurs only as the name of one of Oğuz Xağan’s sons: xiv kün ‘day; sun’ Qutb 107; MN 4, etc.: Kom. xiv ditto CCI, CCG; Gr. 158 (quotns.): Kıp. xiii al-şams kün wa huwa’l-yawm Hou. 5, 2; 28, 10 (followed by phr.): xiv kün al-şams wa’l-yawm, the latter metaph. İd. 85; al-şams kün Bul. 2, 11: xv şams (küneş/) kün Tuh. 20a. 13; yazın kün do. 39a. 8; a.o.o.: Osm. xiv ff. gün normally ‘day’ was often used until xvi for ‘sun; daytime; a lucky day’ TTS I 337; II 475; III 325; IV 373. -
M Räsänen, I Kecskeméti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen309309
atü. uig. mtü. kom. čag. osm. usw. kün ‘Tag’, jak. kün, osm. trkm. gün, kmk. gün, kaz. kön, čuv. kən, kun id.; atü. kün-tüz ‘am Tage’, čuv. kənᴅər (MTS 113); blk. künnün ‘nach Osten zugewendeter Bergabhang’; uig. AH. tel. kün-äš, osm. güneš (Kontam. kün + *kuńaš) ‘Sonne’
