𐰴𐰯𐰍
kapıg
Meaning:
door; gate
Expressions:
Word family
In modern languages (13 / 22)
Select a region to see the cognate.
| Language | Cognate |
|---|---|
| Turkmen | gapy |
| Turkish (Azerbaijan) | qapı |
| Turkish (Türkiye) | kapı |
| Salar | qāvu |
| Gagauz | kapu |
| Crimean | qapı |
| Uyghur | qobuq (dialectal) |
| Uzbek | qapi (dialectal) |
| Kazakh | qapı (dialectal) |
| Nogai | qapı |
| Siberian Tatar | qabaq (dialectal) |
| Kyrgyz | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
| Altai | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
| Alan | qapı This cognate is attested, but has fallen out of use in this language. |
| Kumyk | qapu |
| Tatar | qapı (dialectal) |
| Bashkir | qapı This cognate is attested, but has fallen out of use in this language. |
| Tıva | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
| Khakas | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
| Sakha (Yakut, Dolgan) | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
| Khalaj | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
| Chuvash | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
Examples
Translations
German:
Tür; Tor
Russian:
дверь; ворота
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
qapı
Turkish (Türkiye):
kapı
Bibliography 5
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Hendrik Boeschoten (2022) A dictionary of early middle Turkicpp. 235b–236app. 235b–236a
*qap=² ‘to cover, close’ | qapuġ 1. ‘door, gate’ (QT1–4, MA, KA, QA, NF, XŠ) / qapïġ (IMa) / qapu (QT2, IMb, ON, UL, AH, KT, TZ, BM, KD) / qapı (IMb, BM) / qapuq (IMb, MN) / qabaq (CCb) | qapuġčï 1. ‘gatekeeper’ (IMa, MAn, XŠ) / qapučï (IMb, KT, KD). qapuġčï 2. ‘chamberlain’ (QA) / qapuqčï (QAc). qapuġ 2. ‘focus of service’ (QA, NF); Ol qapuġġa tapuġ qïlu yapušdïm ersä ‘when I had attached myself to that goal of service paying reverence to Him’ (QA) | qapġa ‘gate and passageway in a wall’ (IMa-misspelt) [CL 583b] | qapaq 1. ‘lid, eyelid’ (IM, MAn, MM, XŠ, AH, MG, TZ, BV); divīt qapaqï ‘lid of an inkwell’ (MAn). qapaq 2. ‘leftovers in a sieve’ (AH ar. نُخَالَة) | qapa= ‘to lock (up)’ (QA); Munï bir ewkä qapalïñ yem ičim bermäliñ ‘Let’s imprison him in a house and deprive him of food and drink’ (QAt); Kārvānnïñ tägräsin qapadïlar ‘They encircled the caravan’ (QA) | qapġaqlamaq ‘intercession’ (QT5 ar. شَفَاعَة) -
Dr. Jens Wilkens (2021) Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen | Eski Uygurcanın El Sözlüğüp. 332p. 332
kapıg Tor (in der man. Kosmologie zwölf kosmische Tore), Tür, Pforte (auch metaphorisch für Körperöffnung) || büyük kapı (Maniheist kozmolojide on iki kozmik kapı), kapı, küçük kapı (beden açma için mecazi de); (Maṇḍala) Zugang, Eingang || (Maṇḍala) giriş
kapıg ešiki Türschwelle || kapı eşiği
kapıg küč Torwache (als) Arbeitsdienst || kapı bekçiliği, iş mükellefiyeti (olarak)
kapıg sanayu von Tür zu Tür (wörtl.: die Türen abzählend) || kapıdan kapıya (kelimesi kelimesine: kapıyı sayan)
kapıg tartgusınıŋ üti Schlüsselloch || anahtar deliği -
Sergei Starostin, Anna Dybo, Oleg Mudrak (2003) Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languagesp. 765p. 765
*k῾ăp῾ù barrier: Tung. *xapki-; Mong. *kaɣa-; Turk. *Kap-; Jpn. *kupai.
PTung. *xapki- to block, partition (отгораживать, перегораживать, перегородка): Neg. apkị; Ul. χaqpali; Ork. χaqpē ~ χapqē; Nan. χaqpi-; Ud. afikta.
◊ ТМС 1, 47.
PMong. *kaɣa- to hinder, close (закрывать): MMong. qa’a- (HY 17, SH); WMong. qaɣa- (L 905); Kh. xā-; Bur. xā-; Kalm. xā- (КРС); Ord. xā-; Dag. xā- (Тод. Даг. 172), hā- (MD 153); Dong. qa-; Bao. xā-; Mongr. xā- (SM 145).
◊ MGCD 310, 311. Mong. > Evk. kā- etc.; Mong. qaɣalɣa ‘door’ (MMong. xa’alqa, HY 16) > Tuva xālɣa etc., see TMN 1, 442, Doerfer MT 60-61; Rozycki 131.
PTurk. *Kap- 1 cover (n.) 2 gate, door 3 to close (1 крышка 2 ворота, дверь 3 закрывать): OTurk. qapaɣ, qapɨɣ (Orkh., OUygh.) 2, qapɣɨ (Orkh.) 2, qapaq (OUygh.) 1, qap- 3; Karakh. qapuɣ (MK, KB), qapɣaq (MK) 1, qapuɣ (MK) 2; Tur. kapak 1, kapɨ 2, kapa- 3, kap- 3; Az. GapaG 1, Gapɨ 2, Gapa- 3; Turkm. Gapaq 1, Gapɨ 2, dial. Gap- 3; Sal. qāvu 2 (ССЯ); MTurk. qabaɣ (Qutb.) 1, qapu (Houts., Pav. C.) 2, qabuɣ (Qutb.) 2; Uzb. qɔpɛqɔq 1, qɔpqɛ 2, qɔplɛ- 3; Uygh. qap(q)aq 1, dial. qobuɣ 2, qapla- 3; Krm. qabaq 2; Tat. dial. qapqaq 1, qapqa 2, qapla- 3; Bashk. qapqa 2, qapla- 3; Kirgh. qapqaq 1, qapqa 2; Kaz. qaqpaq 1, qapɨ 2, qaqpa 2; KKalp. qaqpaq 1, qapɨ 2, qaqpa 2; Kum. qapu 2, qabaq 2; Nogh. qapaq 1, qapɨ 2, qap(l)a- 3; Khak. xaxpax 1; Shr. qabaq 1; Oyr. qaqpaq 1; Tv. qaqpaq 1; Chuv. xobъ 1, xop(la)- 3; Yak. xappax 1; Dolg. kappaktā- ‘to cover’.
◊ VEWT 203, TMN 3, 369, ЭСТЯ 5, 160, 263-264, 274-275, Лексика 510, Федотов 2, 358-359, Stachowski 138 (there is also a variant *Kāp- – due to merger with another root *Kāp-, v. sub *k[ā]p῾á; the meaning ‘cover’ here is probably secondary). Turk. > Mong. qabqaɣ ‘cover’ (whence Evk. kapkak, see Doerfer MT 125), qabqa ‘gate’, see TMN 3, 371, 415, Hung. kapu ‘gate’, see Gombocz 1912. -
Gerard Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkishp. 583ap. 583a
D kapığ Conc. N. in -ığ fr. 2 *kap-; ‘door, gate’. The second vowel was originally -ı- but became -a- in Man.-A and some Uyğ. (Uyğ.-A) texts and later became -u- by labial attraction. Survives in some NW languages and SW Az., Osm., Tkm.; elsewhere displaced by eşik. L.-w. in Pe., etc. as kapu, etc., Doerfer III 1368. Türkü viii temir kapığ ‘the Iron Gate’, a pass between Balkh and Samarkand is mentioned several times in I, II, T, Ix.: viii ff. Man. tamu kapğıŋa ‘to the gate of hell’ Chuas. 126; kapağın açtı ‘he opened its gate’ M I 13, 7; o.o. do. 8–12; M III 23, 2 (ii); TT II 8, 65: Uyğ. viii ff. Bud. kapağ (sic) ‘gate’ is common in PP: Civ. teŋri kapığı ‘the gates of heaven’ TT I 144: a.o.o.: Xak. xi kapuğ (sic) al-bāb ‘gate’ Kaş. I 375; over 30 o.o.: KB (some flowers) açtı kapuğ ‘have opened a gate’ (with their beauty) 97; o.o. 264, 2529 ff.: xiii(?) Tef. kapuğ/kapu ‘gate, door’ 198–9: xiv Muh. al-darwaza ‘gate’ kapuk (sic) Mel. 73, 13 (Rif. 179 adds wa darbu’l-sūr ‘and town gate’, translation kayğa:; ?for kapğa: q.v.); al-bāb kapu: 76, 5; kapuğ 179; a.o. 26, 9; 109 (yaptur-): Çağ. xv ff. kapu (‘with -p-’) dar-i saray ‘palace gate’, also called eşik; kapu ökçesi ‘the bottom pivot of a door’, and metaph. ‘threshold’, in Ar. ʿataba San. 265v. 20: Xwar. xiii kapuğ ‘door’ ʿAli 12: xiv kapağ/kapuğ ‘door’ Qutb 126–7; MN 275: Kom. xiv ditto kabağ/kabak CCG; Gr.: Kip. xiii al-bāb kapu (-b-; also eşik) Hou. 6, 4: xiv kapu (sic, ‘with -p-’) al-bāb; one says kapu aç and kapunı: aç ‘open the door’ İd. 68; al-bāb ka:pı:/ka:pu: (-b-) Bul. 14, 11: xv al-bāb (eşik and) ka:pu (-b-, so read?) Kav. 59, 10; kapu (-b-) Tuh. 8a. 5. -
M Räsänen, I Kecskeméti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachenp. 233bp. 233b
*kāp: uig. kap ’bedecken’, ’zuschlagen, zumachen’, ’beendigen’, čuv. χup ’einsperren, einschliessen’; osm. krm. kapa; uig. (Gab.) kapak ’Deckel’, čag. osm. az. krm. tar. kapak, jak. χappaχ ’крыша, крышка’, čuv. χuvă ’Deckel’; uig. (Gab.) kabak ’Augenlid’, mtü. kkir. kaz. tel. kabak id., trkm. kābak, čuv. χuvaχ id.
