𐰴𐰆𐰯-
kop-
Meaning:
spring up, to break off suddenly; take wing, to rise, fly up
kop- means “to rise, move upward; fly up” and, of a person, “to get up, stand up”. The earliest examples describe birds rising into the air, but the verb is also used of wind, dust and the moon rising, a person standing up, a disturbance arising and the dead rising again.
Examples
Translations
German:
aufspringen, sich blitzschnell erheben; auffliegen
Russian:
вскочить, молниеносно подняться; взмыть
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
yerindən qopmaq
Turkish (Türkiye):
yerinden atılmak, havaya ansızın kalkmak, kopmak
Bibliography 1
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Gerard Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish580580
kop- ‘to rise’; prob. originally in the sense of ‘to rise in the air’, but Kaş. also translates it, like tur-, by qāma ‘to stand up, rise in one’s place’. Survives in SE Türki; NW Kar. L., T. and, with extended meanings, in SW Osm. Cf. 1 ağ-, ün-, tur-. Türkü viii ff. (a falcon went hunting river birds) utru: talım kara: kuş kopu:pan barmı:ş ‘a predatory eagle flew up to meet it’ IrkB 43: Xak. xi er yoka:ru: kopdı: ‘the man rose (qāma) from his place’; and one says tüpi: kopdı: ‘the wind rose’ (habbat); and kuş kopdı: ‘the bird (etc.) rose in the air’ (nahaḍa) Kaş. II 4 (kopa:r, kopma:k); about 10 o.o. translated qāma, ṭala‘a (of the moon) ‘to rise’; hāca (of the alarm, tumult, etc.) ‘to be raised’: KB kop- is common, both lit. e.g. (of the morning breeze) ‘to rise’ 71; (of birds) ‘to fly upwards’ 73; (of a man) ‘to stand up’ 3498; and metaph. e.g. kişi söz bile koptı boldı malık ‘some people have risen by speaking (eloquently) and become kings’ 173; a.o. 602; bu bordın kopar miŋ yazukka yürek ‘because of this wine (a man’s) heart rises to countless sins’ 1338; (of understanding) ‘to arise’ 1834; a.o. 4232 (yağı:lığ): xiii(?) At. 179 (löŋ); Tef. kop- ‘to rise; to stand up; (of the dead) to rise again’, etc. 213: xiv Rbğ. R I 1217 (örü:); Muh. qāma kop-, ko:p- Mel. 7, 18; Rif. 79, 114 (Mel. 30, 3 dur-): Çağ. xv ff. kop- (-tı, etc.) yerinden kalk- ‘to rise from one’s place’ Vel. 335 (quotns.); kop- (‘with -p-’) bar xāstan ‘to rise, stand up’ San. 281v. 18 (quotns.): Xwar. xiv kop- ‘to stand up’ Qutb 137; MN 246; ‘to get up’ (at night to pray) Nahc. 318, 7: Kom. xiv ‘to rise’ kop- CCI, CCG; Gr. 200 (quotns.): Kip. xiii ṭāra mina’l-ṭawarān ‘to rise’ kop-; and one says of dust rising do:z koptı:; and one says kop- of a limb which leaves its position and is dislocated (infakka); similarly when a man stands up (qāma), and when a man rises and stands erect (ṭāra wa nahaḍa qā’ima(n)) Hou. 39, 5: xiv kop- inba‘aṯa ‘to rise’ as in toz koptı: ‘the dust rose’; and in the Kitāb Baylik kop- irtafa‘a ‘to rise, be exalted’ İd. 67; irtafa‘a (of dust and the like) kop- Bul. 26v.: xv qabba ‘to stand up’ kop- Tuh. 30a. 11: Osm. xiv ff. kop- ‘to rise, appear’, etc.; c.i.a.p. TTS I 483; II 649; III 475; IV 539.
