𐰾𐰇𐰚-
sök-
Meaning:
to kneel down
Old Turkic sök- “to kneel” is strikingly similar in form and meaning to çök- “to kneel, sink”. Kashgari records both verbs with the kneeling sense, and Clauson explicitly calls them synonyms. However, initial s- and ç- do not correspond through an established regular sound change: çök- is itself attested early and is generally reconstructed as a separate stem. A historical connection is possible but disputed; the modern çök- forms are therefore comparisons, not secure direct descendants of sök-.
Examples
No corpus links yet.
Translations
German:
niederknien
Russian:
становиться на колени
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
çökmək
Turkish (Türkiye):
çökmek
Bibliography 5
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Hendrik Boeschoten (2022) A dictionary of early middle Turkicp. 298a, s.v. *sök=2 (complete entry)p. 298a, s.v. *sök=2 (complete entry)
*sök=² ‘to kneel’ | söküt= 1. ‘to make kneel’ (MG). söküt= 2. ‘to kneel’ (TZ ar. جَثَا) [cf. CL 820a sub sökit=²] | sökündür= ‘to bow’ [tr.]; bašïnï sökündür= ‘to bow one’s head’ (MAv) -
Dr. Jens Wilkens (2021) Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen | Eski Uygurcanın El Sözlüğüp. 622b, s.v. 3 sök- (complete entry)p. 622b, s.v. 3 sök- (complete entry)
³sök- niederknien || dizleri üzerine çökmek -
Sergei Starostin, Anna Dybo, Oleg Mudrak (2003) Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languagesp. 1305, s.v. *soke “to kneel, be inclined” (complete entry)p. 1305, s.v. *soke “to kneel, be inclined” (complete entry)
✶soke to kneel, be inclined: Tung. *suku-; Mong. *sögüd-; Turk. *sök-. PTung. *suku- to abut feet (in boat) (упираться ногами (при гребле)): Ul. sučepu(n) (n.); Nan. sikupũ (n.); Orch. sukule-; Ud. suku- ‘to kick’. ◊ ТМС 2, 123. PMong. *sögüd- to kneel (стоять на коленях): MMong. sogat- (HY 35), sogot- (SH)-, suked- (MA); WMong. sögüd- (L 731); Kh. sögd-; Bur. hügde-; Kalm. sögd-, sökt-; Ord. sögöd-; Dag. sugdu-; S.-Yugh. sögöd-; Mongr. sogodi- (SM 352), (MGCD sugodə-). ◊ KW 333, MGCD 608. Cf. also sög ‘an order for a camel to kneel’. PTurk. *sök- to kneel (преклонять колени, стоять на коленях): OTurk. sök-, sökit- (OUygh.), sökür- (Orkh.); Karakh. sök- (MK, KB), sökit- (MK); Tv. sögej-, sögürü-. ◊ EDT 819, 820, 822, VEWT 430. Turk. *sök-ür- > WMong. söküre-, Kalm. sökr- (KW 333). ‖ EAS 71, 148, KW 333, Poppe 30. A Western isogloss. The Mong. forms may be < Turkic (cf. OT sökit-); but cf. also Mong. soɣsuji-, Kalm. soksī- (> Oyr. soqsoj- etc., VEWT 426) ‘to sit without motion’ (KW 329). -
Gerard Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkishp. 819a, s.v. 2 sök- (complete entry)p. 819a, s.v. 2 sök- (complete entry)
2 sök- Intrans. w. Indirect Object in Dat.; ‘to kneel down’. Syn. w. çök- (Kaş. translates both the same), but n.o.a.b. Uyğ. viii ff. (if the man who understands this scripture stands among the company of Bodhisattvas and) iki tizin söküp berser ‘kneels on both knees and presents it’ USp. 106, 19–20: Xak. xi (after 1 sök-) and one says ol begke: sökti: ‘he knelt (catā) in the presence of the beg (etc.)’; hence one says söke: oltur iclis cātiya(n) ‘sit down kneeling’ Kaş. II 21 (söke:r, sökme:k); one says er söke: olturdı: catā’l-racul ‘alā rukbatihi ‘the man knelt on his knees and sat’ III 230 (verse): KB bu Aytoldı kirdi köründi söküp ‘Aytoldı entered and presented himself kneeling’ 581. -
M Räsänen, I Kecskeméti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachenp. 430a, s.v. KB. sökü (complete entry)p. 430a, s.v. KB. sökü (complete entry)
KB. sökü (Radl. sögü) ’auf die Knie fallen’, soj. sögej ’наклоняться’; atü. uig. sökü-r ’Knie beugen’, soj. sögür(ü) ’кланяться’; mtü. sökü-n ’niederknien’ ~ mo. (Poppe 30) sögöd < söked ’knien’ (> soj. sögedekte ’сидеть на одном колене’) ~ kor. sugi ’sich verneigen’ Vgl. čök 117a
