𐱃𐰆𐰴𐰃-
tokı-
Meaning:
to weave; to strike, beat, knock
The relation between the striking and weaving senses is disputed. One explanation connects weaving with beating down the weft; another treats the weaving verb as a separate root.
Alternative spellings:
𐱃𐰆𐰶𐰃-
Examples
No corpus links yet.
Translations
German:
weben; schlagen, klopfen
Russian:
ткать; бить, ударять, стучать
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
toxumaq; vurmaq
Turkish (Türkiye):
dokumak; vurmak
Bibliography 5
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Hendrik Boeschoten (2022) A dictionary of early middle Turkicp. 345b, s.v. toqï=²p. 345a–b, s.v. toqï=¹p. 345b, s.v. toqï=²
toqï=2 ‘to weave, plait, intertwine’ (KA, QA, NF, KA) / ṭoqï= (AH) / toqu= (NF) / ṭoqu= (TZ) / toġu= (CCb) / doqï= (AH, KT) / doqu= (IMb, MAv); böz toġu= ‘to weave cotton cloth’ (CCb); säbät toqu= ‘to weave a basket’ (QA). Doqudï barmaqlarïnï ‘He intertwined his fingers’ (MAv) | toqïġuči ‘weaver’ / ṭoqučï ‘weaver’ (DM, TZ) / ṭoġučï (IMb) / doqïrčï (KT); ṭondoqïyïčï ‘weaver of clothes’ (AH) | toqïl= 1. ‘to be woven’ (NF) / toqul= (XŠ) | toqïn=2 ‘to be woven’ (KA) / toqun= (QT4) | toqït= ‘to have woven’ (NF) / toqut= (NF 164/8) / doqut= (IMb). toqul= 2. ‘to be wrought’ (QT3); yinčü guhardïn toqulmiš ‘wrought from pearls and jewels’ (QT3) p. 345a–b, s.v. toqï=¹toqï=1 1. ‘to knock, beat’ (QT2–4, QA) / ṭoqï= (KT, MG) / toqu= (QT4, QA, MN, QT4, LN); boynïn toqï= ‘to strike off s.o.’s head’ (QT3); doqudï damar ‘The vein pulsed’ (MG); qanat toqï= ‘to beat its wings’ (QA); qapuġ toqï= ‘to knock on the door’ (QT2); Qapuġnï qatïġ toqïdï ‘He knocked on the door hard’ (QT2); quyruqïn toqïyu ‘wagging its tail’ (QA); suw toqï= ‘for water to beat’ (QA); Qāf taġïña toqïdï ersä ‘when(thewater)beatagainstMountQāf’ (QA); yel toqï= ‘for the wind to blow’ (QA); Yel toqïmadï ‘The wind didn’t blow’ (QA); yergä toqï/toqu= ‘to dash to the ground’ (QA, LN); Kötürüb yergä toqïyu öltürdilär ‘They lifted them up and killed them by dashing them on the ground’ (QA); yüräk toqï= ‘for the heart to beat’ (QT3); yüräk toqïġlï qorqïnč ‘a shattering calamity’ (QT3) | ṭoqma ‘iron bar; pickax’ (AH—“Arabicized as duqmaq”) | toqmaq ‘(fuller’s) mallet’ (IM, MAn, QA, XŠ, CCa) / doqmaq (TZ) [crasis of toqïmaq; tt. tokmak ‘mallet’; krg. tokmok ‘hand rammer’]; toqmaq süñük ‘humerus’ (BV ar. عَضُد ) | toqmačïq ‘small mallet’ (CCb). toqun= 1. ‘to be hit’ (BV). toqï=1 2. ‘to hit hard’ (QA, LN) / ṭoqï= (AH) | ṭoqun= 2. ‘to be crushed’ / (TZ) | ṭoqunuš= ‘to battle’ (TZ) | toqïš 1. ‘war, battle’ (QT1, QT3, NF) / toquš (QT1–4, KA, QA, MM, NF, XŠ, ON); toquš qïl= ‘to wage war’ (QT3–4). toqïš 2. ‘battle lines’ (IMa ar. مَصافّ ) | toqïš= 1. ‘to fight, battle’ (QT2– 3) / toquš= (QT1–4, KA ar. ناجَزَ , MuG) / ṭoquš=(TZmrg)/doquš=1.‘tofight,battle’ (MAv) | toqušġu ‘fight, battle’ (ON) | toqïšlaġ ‘battlefield’ (IMa). toqïš= 2. ‘to collide’ (QT1) / toquš= (MuG); ad-dīn toqïšuġlï ‘The judgement will befall’ (QT1) | toqšun ‘restive’ (horse) / toẖšun (XŠ) / toġšun (XŠ) | toẖšunluq ‘restiveness’ (XŠ). toqï=1 3. ‘to execute a criminal’ / doqï= (KT). toqï=1 4. ‘to forge’ (QT4); yarïq toqï= ‘to forge body armour’ (QT4). toqï=1 5. ‘to coin’ (QT1 ar. ضَرَبَ ); Ötmäkči ol yarmaqġa baqdï kördi ärsä, Daqyanus atï üzä toqïnmïš ‘When the baker looked at the coin, he saw that it was minted in the name of Decius’(QT2);Toqïmañlartañrïqamäñzäglär ‘Don’t coin similes for God’ (QT1); mas̱al toqï= ‘to coin a parable’ (QT2–3) | toqïn=1 3. ‘to be coined’ (QT2). ṭoqun=1 4. ‘to clash’ (TZ). toqun=1 5. ‘to touch’ (QT2) / toqan= (RH) / doqun= (QY, MG) | doqundur= ‘to make touch’ (MAv); Doqundurdï aña küčäylik ‘He created difficulties for him’ (MAv). toqun=1 6. ‘to hit the target’ / doqun= (BM, MG); Doqundï oq nišānġa ‘The arrow hit the target’ (MG). toqï=1 5. ‘to swallow, devour’ (CCb) [cf. MK Anï suw toqïdï ‘The water drowned him and carried him away’] -
Dr. Jens Wilkens (2021) Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen | Eski Uygurcanın El Sözlüğüp. 726a–b, s.v. tokı-p. 726a–b, s.v. tokı-
tokı- schlagen, einschlagen || dövmek, vurmak, çakmak, kırmak; (Wind) wehen || (rüzgâr) esmek; weben || dokumak; (Flut) erfassen || (sel) yakalamak; (Putz, Malgrundierung) anbringen || (astar boya) sürmek, sıvalamak; (Bau, Mauer, Stadt) errichten || (bina, duvar, şehir) yapmak, kurmak; (Trommel) rühren || (davul) çalmak; klopfen || vurmak; (mit Dat.) eintauchen (in) (tr.), tunken || (yönelme hâliyle) daldırmak, batırmak, banmak; mischen, (um)rühren, verrühren (mit) || karıştırmak, çırpmak, çalkalamak (s./bk. Mo. doki-) tokı- batur- (Flut) erfassen und untergehen lassen || (sel) yakalamak ve batırmak tokı- toŋla- schlagen2 || dövmek2, vurmak2 tokı- toŋla- kına- schlagen, peitschen und bestrafen || dövmek, vurmak ve cezalandırmak tokı- tültür- schlagen2, prügeln2 || dövmek2, vurmak2, dayak atmak2 tokıp yay- (Wasser, Gewässer) aufwühlen || (su) dalgalandırmak -
Sergei Starostin, Anna Dybo, Oleg Mudrak (2003) Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languagespp. 1378–1379, s.v. *tok῾Vpp. 1378–1379, s.v. *tok῾V
*tok῾V (~ -k-) to plait, weave: Tung. *duKu-; Turk. *doku-; Kor. *tàh-, *th-ìr-. PTung. *duKu- to strand, plait (вить (веревку)): Neg. dukte-; Ul. dū-; Nan. dū-. ◊ ТМС 1, 220-221. PTurk. *doku- to weave (ткать): OTurk. toqu- (OUygh.); Karakh. toqu- (MK); Tur. doku-; Gag. doqu-; Az. toxu-; Turkm. doqa-; Khal. toqu-; MTurk. toqu- (Sangl.); Uzb. tọqi-; Uygh. toqu-; Krm. toxi-; Tat. tuqi-; Bashk. tuqi-; Kirgh. toqu-; Kaz. toqi-; KBalk. ? toγustun ‘назв. дерева, из кот. делают челноки’; KKalp. toqi-; Nogh. toqi-; SUygh. toqi-. ◊ VEWT 484-5, EDT 467, ЭСТЯ 3, 253-254 (to distinguish from *toki- ‘to beat’), Лексика 395. Turk. > WMong. toki-, Kalm. tokə- ‘to plait’ (KW 398). PKor. *tàh-, *th-ìr- 1 to plait, weave 2 to twist, wind (1 плести, ткать 2 крутить, вить): MKor. tàh- 1, thìr- 2; Mod. t:a- [t:ah-] 1, thil- 2. ◊ Nam 145, Liu 718, KED 418, 1724. ‖ Дыбо 15. -
Gerard Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkishp. 467a, s.v. tokı:-p. 467a, s.v. tokı:-
toki:- (d-) lit. ‘to hit, knock (something)’, hence ‘to beat (an enemy)’; ‘to weave (a fabric)’, presumably because the weft is beaten down from time to time to consolidate it, and other metaph. and extended meanings. S.i.a.m.l.g. except NE(?), usually with -u- or -a- as the second vowel and nearly always for ‘to weave’; SW Az. toxu-; Osm. doku-; Tkm. doki-. Türkü VIII (a Chinese army approached) tegip tokıdım ‘I met and beat it’ II S 8: 0.0. I N 6 (eğir-), II E 31: Uyğ. viii tokı:dım ‘I beat’ (an enemy) Şu. E 6, E 8, S 2, W 3: viii ff. Bud. kazğuk tokıyurmen ‘I knock in a peg’ U II 61, 18; (some of them tore their hair and) tokidilar ‘beat’ (their breasts) U III 15, 5 (i); iki kala tamırım tokip ‘my pulse beats twice’ (but cannot beat a third time) do. 37, 36; tam tokıyu ‘building a wall’ TT VI 82; 0.0. PP 2, 4-5 (‘to weave’, bodut-); TT IV 10, 7 (bedük); 12, 43; U II 26, 14 (1 ok): Civ. (take the ashes and) kara ingek sütige tokip içip ‘beat them in the milk of a black cow and drink them’ TT VII 26, 13-14; similar phr. do. 27, 12 and 16; H I 45-6; 0.0. TT VII 41, 23; VIII 1.14: Xak. xi ol kapuğ toki:di: ‘he knocked (qara'a) at the door’; and one says, in Oğuz, ol kulın tokı:dı: ‘he beat (daraba) his slave’; the Turks use a Hend. and say urdı: toki:di: for daraba; and one says temürçi: kılıç tokudi: ‘the blacksmith forged {taba'a) a sword’ (or knife, etc.); and one says er bö:z toki:di: ‘the man wove (nasaca) cotton cloth’ (etc.); and one says am: suv toki:di: ‘the water drowned him (ğarraqahu) and carried him away’; and one says erni: ye:l toki:di: aşâba'1-racul sa'fa mina’l-cinn ‘demoniacal possession struck the man’ (see ye:l) Kaş. Ill 268 (toki:r, toki:ma:k); 0.0. I 12, 19 {daraba); 21, 17 {nasaca): KB yorip tın tokığlı âxir ölgüsi ‘(a man) walks about and draws breath, but in the end he will die’ 233: xiii(?) Tef. toki- ‘to knock (at a door); to drive in (a peg); to beat; to erect (a gallows); to compose (a story)’ 307: xiv Muh. ḥāka ‘to weave’ doku:- Mel. 25, 3 {Rif. 107 corrupt); nasaca ditto 31, 13 (only): Cağ. xv ff. tokubāftan ‘to weave’ San. 180r. 3 (quotn.): Xwar. xiv ditto MN 82: Kom. xiv toğu- ‘to weave; to devour’ CCG; Gr.: Kip. xm nasaca doki:-, also daraba and 'aqaba ‘to punish’ Hou. 35, 19: xiv toki- daraba darb wacīʿ ‘to strike a painful blow’; also nasaca (and ‘a weaver’ {al-ha ik) is called tondukı:çı: (? ton dokı:çı:)) Id. 65: xv nasaca tokuTuh. 36b. 13: Osm. xiv ff. doku- (less often toku-) ‘to strike; to drive in (a nail)’; c.i.a.p. TTS I 214; II 311; III 202; IV 235. -
M Räsänen, I Kecskeméti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachenpp. 484b–485a, s.v. *tokpp. 484b–485a, s.v. *tok
*tok: atü. toky, uig. toky, toku ’schlagen, treffen, stampfen’, ’weben’, mtü. toky ’klopfen, schlagen’, ’weben’, tel. tok, čag. toka, ’weben’, šor. usw. toγa, kzk. usw. toku, osm. doku, kaz. tuky ’sticken, ausnähen, weben’; tob. tokma ’Keule’, mtü. tokymak ’Walkenknüttel’, čag. usw. tok-mak, kaz. tukmak (> čuv.), kmk. tok-ala-š ’Schlägerei’; osm. tokač ’Schlägel’ ~ mo. (KWb. 398) toγ-si ’klopfen’
