*𐱅𐰇𐰼
*tör
Meaning:
kind; sort
*tör is a proposed root of törlüg, not a securely verified independent Old Turkic attestation. Räsänen reports Uighur tür; Erdal segments tör+lö[g]. Clauson disputes the connection with modern tür. The relationship remains disputed.
Examples
No corpus links yet.
Translations
German:
Art; Sorte
Russian:
вид; разновидность
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
növ
Turkish (Türkiye):
tür
Bibliography 4
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Hendrik Boeschoten (2022) A dictionary of early middle Turkicp. 362bp. 362b
türlüg 1. ‘kind of, various kinds of’ (g.) / türlü (QT2, CCb, MM, XŠ, MN, GUL, AH, QY) / türlü (CCb) / türlig (GUL) / türli (GUL) / dürlü (MAv, QY) / dürli (QT2); türlü yämiš kätürdi ‘He brought all kinds of fruits’ (AH); tegmä türlüg yämišlär ‘all kinds of fruit’ (QT3); ne türlü ‘what kind of’ (GUL); türlüg türlüg ‘all kinds of’ (QT1, QT4, QA) / türlü türlü (MAv, CCb) | türlüglik ‘belonging to a specific kind’ (TN). türlüg 2. [forming adverbs] / türlü (CCa); ačï türlü ‘bitterly’ (CCa amare) | tür ‘kind’ (TN) [a back-formation?; krg., kzk, and tt. tür]; Bir tür taqï bar turur laʿldïn va anï tämrī oqurlar ‘There exists one more kind of ruby called tämrī’ (TN) | türlän= ‘to be diverse’ (QT4, CCb) | türlängän ‘all sorts of’ (QT5) | dürländür= ‘to diversify’ (MAv) -
Marcel Erdal (2004) A Grammar of Old Turkicp. 90p. 90
We find the assimilation to /o ö/ also within the archphoneme /X/ in yör-ög (Maue 1996 nr. 14 and 26) with the formative -(X)g, in kötröl- thrice in Maue 1996 with the passive formative –(X)l-, in kötör-öp in Maue 1996 nr. 30 with the converb suffix -(X)p, in nom+og and yörög+ög in the accusative suffix in Maue 1996 nr. 28, in osog+log ‘like, in the manner of’, tör+lö[g], nom+log and öz+lög with the suffix +lXg, in ögrönčlög (TT VIII A6) with the suffix -(X)nč in köŋöl+öŋöz+lärtin (TT VIII E47) with a possessive suffix, etc. The last-mentioned instance shows that /A/ is not rounded. Sometimes assimilation does not take place even with /U/ and /X/, e.g. in köl-ük ‘vehicle’ and törlüg (both Maue 1996 nr. 51), töz+üg and bol-zun (both Maue 1996 nr. 33; the latter also 7 times in Maue nr. 79 and in TT VIII G vs. twice pol-son in TT VIII E) or in taloy+nuŋ, öŋ+dün, bogunlug¹⁵⁶ and adrok+suz (all four Maue 1996 nr. 21). -
Sergei Starostin, Anna Dybo, Oleg Mudrak (2003) Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languagesp. 1387p. 1387
*turi face: Tung. *duru-n; Mong. *düri; Turk. *dür; Jpn. *tura.
PTung. *duru-n 1 form, outlook 2 pattern, design 3 picture (1 форма, вид 2 узор 3 рисунок): Evk. durun 2; Neg. dujun / dujin 1; Man. durun 1, duru-Gan 3; SMan. durun 1 (2341); Ul. duru(n) 1; Ork. duru(n) 1; Nan. durũ 1 (On.); Orch. dū(n) 1; Ud. dū(n) 1; Sol. durũ 1.
◊ See ТМС 1, 225-6.
PMong. *düri form, outlook (вид, облик): WMong. düri (L 282); Kh. dür; Bur. düre; Kalm. dürə, dürsn̩; Ord. düri; Mog. ZM dor (7-6b) ‘affection’; Dag. dur (Тод. Даг. 138), dure (MD 139).
◊ KW 105, MGCD 245, 246. Mong. > Man. dursun (Rozycki 64).
PTurk. *dür 1 sort, kind, shape 2 various (1 вид, форма, порода 2 разнообразный): OTurk. törlüg 1 (Orkh., OUygh.); Karakh. törlüg 1 (MK, KB); Tur. türlü 1, 2; Gag. türlü 1, 2; Az. dürlü (dial.) 2; Turkm. dürli 2; MTurk. törlüg 1 (Sangl.); Uzb. turli 2; Krm. türlü 2; Tat. türli 2; Bashk. törlö 2; Kirgh. tür 1; Kaz. türli 2, tür 1; KBalk. türlü 2; KKalp. türli 2; Kum. türlü 2; Nogh. türli 2; Chuv. təʷrləʷ 2.
◊ EDT 546-547, ЭСТЯ 3, 327-328 (loan of forms like Kaz. tür < Mong. düri is hardly acceptable, despite EDT ibid.).
PJpn. *tura face (лицо): OJpn. tura; MJpn. túrà; Tok. tsurá; Kyo. tsúrà; Kag. tsùra.
◊ JLTT 556. Modern dialects suggest a reconstruction *tùrà; however, the form attested in RJ is túrà.
‖ KW 105, Владимирцов 165, EAS 51, Poppe 23, 82, Miller 1996, 151, АПиПЯЯ 71, Дыбо 12, Лексика 207 (but PT *jǖŕ is to be separated, despite all the above sources). The TM forms may be < Mong. (see Doerfer MT 76, Rozycki 65), but not necessarily so. -
Gerard Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkishpp. 546b–547app. 546b–547a
VU(?D) törlüg (törlög; ?d-) ‘sort, kind’. Survives in SW Osm. türlü (earlier dürlü), Tkm. dürli; the consistent spellings with -ö- in TT VIII, however, suggest that this was the original vowel; the sound change ö > ü is common in SW. Etymology obscure; unlikely to be a P.N./A. in -lüg; there is no semantic connection with tö:r. It has no connection with the modern word tür, ‘shape, form, exterior, appearance, pattern, type’, which occurs in several languages in all groups except SW, and seems to be a corruption of the syn. Mong. word düri (Kow. 1935, Haltod 482). Türkü viii ff. 5 törlüg monçukuŋ (sic) ‘of the five kinds of jewels’ Toy. 2 (ETY II 57): Man. tört yégirmi törlüg baş ‘the fourteen kinds of wounds’ Chuas. 52; a.o.o.; bu muntağ törlüg ‘all these kinds’ (of dangers) TT II 6, 22: Uyğ. viii ff. Man.-A béş törlügin belgülüg bolur ‘they become visible in five kinds’ M I 24, 8-9: Bud. Sanskrit dviśrayeṇa ‘by two supports’ 2 törlög ta:ya:ğ üze: TT VIII A.4; daśavidhena ‘by ten sorts’ on törlög üze: (üse:) D.31; törlög do. F.10; O.3-5; törlük do. K.4, 9; and many o.o.: Civ. törlüg do. L.49; (the larch tree’s branches quiver) miŋ törlügin ‘in a thousand ways’ TT I 165; tokuz törlüg éşiklerniŋ ‘of the nine kinds of thresholds’ VII 12, 4; and many o.o.: Xak. xi törlüg ʿibāra ʿan anwāʿ ‘an expression for the kinds of a thing’; hence one says kaç törlüg ne:ŋ aṣnāf mina’l-şay’ ‘several kinds of things’; and kaç törlüg sö:z aydım qultu anwāʿ mina’l-kalām ‘I said several things’ Kaş. I 476; I 296 (iglel-); 402 (tümen); törlüg çeçek anwāʿu’l-zahr ‘all kinds of flowers’ I 119, 4; II 122, 22: KB bu törlüg çeçek ‘these kinds of flowers’ 96; o.o. 238, 497, 969, etc.: xii(?) KBVP ne törlüg 31; bu törlüg 55: xiii(?) At. ne törlüg arığsız ‘whatever kind of impurity’ 111; kamuğ törlüg işte ‘in all kinds of work’ 115; Tef. dörli/törlüg/törlü ditto 119, 319: Çağ. xv ff. törlük (‘with -k’) bir dürlü ve bir nawʿ Vel. 207; törlük nawʿ wa qism ‘sort, kind’ San. 173r. 1 (quotn.): Xwar. xiii törlüg/törlü ditto ʿAli 12: xiv ditto Qutb 190; MN 262: Kip. xiv törlü: nawʿ wa ḍarb min şay’ ‘the kind, or sort, of a thing’; one says törlü: yemiş ketürdi ‘he brought various kinds (mutanawwiʿa) of fruit’ Id. 38.
