𐰾𐰤:𐱅𐰇𐰚𐰠 [äsän-tükäl]

In modern languages

Select a region to see the cognate.

Language	Cognate
Turkmen	-
Turkish (Azerbaijan)	-
Turkish (Türkiye)	-
Salar	-
Gagauz	-
Crimean	-
Uyghur	-
Uzbek	-
Kazakh	-
Nogai	-
Siberian Tatar	-
Kyrgyz	-
Altai	-
Alan	-
Kumyk	-
Tatar	-
Bashkir	-
Tıva	-
Khakas	-
Sakha (Yakut, Dolgan)	-
Khalaj	-
Chuvash	-

Examples

Irıq Bitig

1

Translations

German:

heil und gesund

Russian:

целый и невредимый

Turkish (Azerbaijan):

sağ-salamat

Turkish (Türkiye):

sağ salim

Turkmen:

sag-salamat

Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish p. 480

tüke:l Pass. Dev. N./A. fr. tüke:-; ‘complete, entire’, and the like. Survives in SC Uzb. tugal. Türkü viii ff. (three years later they met again) kop esen tüke:l ‘all safe and sound’ IrkB 15; o.o. (tükel) do. 27, 42: Uyğ. viii ff. Man.-Â tükel erdemlig ‘completely virtuous’ MI 12, 18: Bud. tüke:l bilge: ‘the all-wise’ (Buddha) TT VIII H.5, 6; U II 79, 54; III 34, 2; 35, 24; esen tükel PP 22, 6; 24, 3 etc.; on ayağ kılınç tükel kıldımız erser ‘if we have committed all the ten evil deeds’ TT IV 8, 75; a.o. do. VIII B.10 (bışrunul-): Civ. (the three signs of thirst) tüke:l közönür ‘all appear’ TT VIII I.9; such phr. as tükel aldım ‘I have received in full’, and tükel berdim ‘I have paid in full’ are common in USp.: Xak. xi tüke:l al-tamâmı ‘completion’; and one calls ‘a complete thing’ (al-şay’ul-tâmm) tüke:l; hence one says tüke:l alğıl ‘receive in full’ (tâmma(n)) Kaş. I 412; 6 o.o. (tükel/tüke:l/tü:ke:l) usually meaning ‘completely’: KB tükel kıl tilek ‘fulfil his every wish’ 116; (if wisdom is combined with understanding) bolur er tükel ‘a man becomes complete’ 225; tükel bolsa ... ay ‘when the moon becomes full’ 733; a.o.o.: xm(?) At. hawadarlıkımnı tükel bilsü ‘may he fully know my love for him’ 80; a.o. 199 (egsü:-); Tef. tükel ditto 316: (Çağ. xv ff. tükel tafahhus uca cüst-cü ‘investigation, diligent search’ San. 183c. 6; obviously based on a misunderstanding of some kind, cf. Osm.): Xwar. xiii tükel ‘all, complete(ly)’ 'Ali 52: xiv ditto Qutb 189: Kom. ‘complete, completion’ tükel/tügel CCG; Gr. 259 (quotn.): Kip. xiv dükel al-camî ‘all’ İd. 49: Osm. xiv ff. dügeli ‘all, the whole’; very common till about xvii TTS I 238; II 335; III 220 (occasionally tükeli; the only word der. fr. tüke:- in which d- is at all common): xviii tügeli (spelt) in Rûmi, cami' wa cumla; also spelt with d- San. 183c. 7; same entry reversed do. 225r. 23.
Академия (2016) Древнетюркский словарь p. 631

TÜKÄL I 1. полный, совершенный: uluɣ uluɣï tükäl bilgä biliglig täŋri täŋrisi burχan величайший из великих, обладающий совершенной мудростью бог богов будда (ТТ VI₀₆); 2. полностью, совершенно; целиком, сполна, совсем: boɣuz alïp tükäl boɣdï [собака] схватила [волка] за горло и совсем задушила (МК II 24); hävadarlïɣïmnï tükäl bilsü пусть он узнает сполна мою преданность (Юг C₈₀); bu savlarïɣ bitigdä mẹn tükäl oqïju tükä[ttim] эти слова в грамоте я [все] целиком прочитал (Suv 7₁₅); on ajaɣ qïlïnč tükäl qïltïmïz ẹrsär если совершили в полной мере [эти] десять грехов (ТТ IV A₇₅).
♢ tükäl barm парн. высший, совершенный: tükäl barm bujan bulur on найдет совершенную благодать (USp 26⁵); esän tükäl см.esän I; tolu tükäl см. tolu I.
Академия (2016) Древнетюркский словарь p. 195

ESÄN I здоровый, невредимый: ẹsändä eväk joq здоров тот, кто не спешит (МК I 77); ẹsän bol jana bolɣa altun kümüš будь здоровым, и снова будет [у тебя] и золото, и серебро (QBN 97₉).
♢ esän-mü sen приветствие (букв. здоров ли ты?) (МК I 77); esän tükäl парн. 1. здоровый, невредимый: baj ẹr qojï ürküpän barmïš börikä sōqušmïš ... ẹsän tükäl bolmïš овца богача, испугавшись, пошла и встретилась с волком .., она осталась невредимой (ThS II40); 2. целый, неповрежденный: idišin ajaqïn ẹsän tükäl bulmïš она нашла свою посуду целой (ThS II63); inč esän см. inč I; tirig esän см. tirig.
Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish p. 248

esen ‘in good health, sound; safe’. S.i.a.m.l.g. except SE. The spelling asan, which is common in Uyğ. is prob. an aberration. Not to be confused with Pe. âsân ‘easy’, but see Doerfer II 47₈. Türkü viii ff. esen tükel ‘healthy and complete; safe and sound’ IrkB 15, 27, 42: Uyğ. viii ff. Man.-A esenin bardımız esenin keltemez ‘we went and came back, safe and sound’ M I 10, 11-12; a.o. M III 13, 16 (i) (igle:-); Bud. esen (asan) tükel PP 22, 6; 24, 3 etc.; siz öz uluşupuzka esen ötgeysız ‘you will get through safely to your own country’ Hüen-ts. 45-6; o.o. do. 66, 1874, 1956, 2043; U II 64, 8-9 etc. (enç): Civ. ıraktakı kişi esen (asan) yanmaz ‘the man who is afar off does not return safely’ TT VII 28, 6; (even if the foetus dies) esen (asan) ozar ‘she is delivered safely’ H I 109; o.o. do. 110, 114: Xak. xi esen al-sâlim ‘safe, sound, in good health’; hence one says esenmü sen ‘are you in good health?’ Kaş. I 77 (prov.); a.o. I 62, 5 (tirig): KB esen bol 1190; esen enç tirilgil ‘live in good health and tranquillity’ 1948; a.o.o.: xm(?) At. eseninde ‘in his lifetime’ 263: xiv Muh. al-mu'âfâ ‘healthy, well’ esen Mel. 56, 3; Rif. 154: Çağ. xv ff. esen sahih wa sâlim ‘safe and sound’, also spelt esen San. 40v. 14; esen ditto 104v. 21: Kip. xiii al-sâlim esen Hou. 26, 7; a.o. in P.N. 29, 13: xiv ditto İd. 13: Osm. xiv ff. esen ‘in good health, sound’; c.i.a.p. TTS I 276; II 397; III 264; IV 307.