𐰀𐰑𐰀
aḏa
Meaning:
danger; harm; hindrance
Examples
Translations
German:
Gefahr; Schaden; Hindernis
Russian:
опасность; вред; препятствие
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
təhlükə; zərər; əngəl
Turkish (Türkiye):
tehlike; zarar; engel
Bibliography 5
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Dr. Jens Wilkens (2021) Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen | Eski Uygurcanın El Sözlüğüp. 6ap. 6a
1ada Schaden, Not, Gefahr, Bedrohung, Bedrängnis, Beschwernis, Hindernis, Widrigkeit, Widriges || zarar, sıkıntı, güçlük, tehlike, zor durum, üzüntü, engel, zorluk, terslik, aksilik, ters bir şey (s./bk. Mo. ada)
ada ämgäk Not und Leid || sıkıntı ve ızdırap
ada karšı Bedrängnis₂, Not und Bedrängnis, Widrigkeit₂, Gefahr₂ || sıkıntı₂, darlık ve sıkıntı, terslik₂, aksilik₂, tehlike₂
ada tuda Gefahr₂, Schaden₂ || tehlike₂, zarar₂
adaka kir- in Gefahr geraten || tehlikeye düşmek -
Marcel Erdal (2004) A Grammar of Old Turkicp. 47, sentence beginning “These mss.”p. 47, sentence beginning “These mss.”
These mss. only have very few questionable cases like ada+r-t- ‘to harm’ and añïg ‘evil’ where we do not know whether the explicit A in the first syllable is a reflexion of real vowel length for lack of modern documentation, and there are a few additional cases (like yaš and ara in the IrqB) where a word spelled with long vowel also shows an instance without explicit A. -
Sergei Starostin, Anna Dybo, Oleg Mudrak (2003) Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languagesp. 493p. 493
*ēda silly, evil: Tung. *ēde-; Mong. *ada; Turk. *Ada; Jpn. *ántá.
PTung. *ēde- 1 silly 2 defect, shortcoming (1 глупый 2 недостаток, увечье): Man. eden 2; Ul. ede(n) 1; Nan. ēdẽ 1; Orch. ede 1; Ud. ēde 1.
◊ ТМС 2, 439. Man. > Dag. eden (Тод. Даг. 138).
PMong. *ada devil, evil spirit (злой дух): MMong. ada (HYt); WMong. ada (L 9); Kh. ad; Bur. ada; Kalm. adə; Ord. ada.
◊ Mong. > Kirgh. ada (KW 1).
PTurk. *Ada 1 danger 2 to endanger (1 опасность 2 подвергать опасности): OTurk. ada (tuda) 1, adart- 2 (Orkh., OUygh.); Shr. aza ‘name of an evil spirit’ (Верб.); Tv. adam ‘dashing, extraordinary’; Yak. ataɣastā- ‘to insult’.
◊ EDT 40, 68.
PJpn. *ántá useless, vain (бесполезный, напрасный): MJpn. ada; Tok. adá; Kyo. ádà; Kag. adá.
◊ JLTT 376. The word is usually confused etymologically with *áta ‘foe’, which seems, however, to have a different origin. Modern accentuation points to *ántá, but it may be secondary because of this confusion.
‖ Mong. may be < Turk., see EDT 40, Щербак 1997, 94. The Jpn. high tone seems to contradict the TM length, but it may be secondary, see above. -
Gerard Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkishp. 40ap. 40a
aḏa: not noted later than Uyğ., where it is often used in the Hend. aḏa: tuḏa:; the contexts indicate that it means ‘danger’ or the like; a l.-w. in Mong. as ada ‘devil, evil spirit’ (Kow. 64, Haltod 14), which reappears as a reborrowing in NE and NC R I 477 (ada), 557 (aza); not connected, or to be confused, with the Ar. l.-w. aḏā, ‘injury, damage, pain’, and the like. Cf. aḏart-. Türkü viii ff. Man. uluğ aḏa ıyınç basınç bolğay ‘there will be great danger and persecutions (Hend.)’ TT II 6, 15; a.o. 22: Uyğ. viii ff. Man.-A aḏa tuḏa (MS. tüz, an easily corrected error) bizni ara yok ‘there are no dangers (Hend.) among us’ M I 10, 1–2: Man. (may all men be saved) alp aḏalarıntın ‘from their grievous dangers’ TT III 168; a.o. M I 31, 3–4 (i): Bud. both aḏa and aḏa tuḏa are common; e.g. (when you go to sea) béş törlüğ aḏa bar ‘there are five kinds of danger’ (sea monsters, rocks, demons, waves, winds) PP 17, 1; o.o. PP 18, 5 etc.; U II 51, 5; 64, 8; 73, 5 (iii); Tiş. 48a. 7; b. 4; iğ ağrığ ölüm ulatı aḏa tuḏa bolur ‘there are dangers (Hend.) like disease (Hend.), death, and so on’ TT VI 232–3: o.o. V 10, 87 (öç-); VIII K.12 (a:ḏa: tu:ḏa: ig a:grağ); O.6 (ig ağrığ a:ḏa: tuḏa:); Kuan. 15, 86; ig a:ḏa: TT VIII K.9; Civ. aḏa bolmaz ‘there is no danger’ H II 8, 28; [gap] aḏa iğ bolsar ‘if there is a dangerous illness’ 30, 160; both aḏa and aḏa tuḏa are common in TT I and VII. -
M Räsänen, I Kecskeméti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachenp. 5ap. 5a
kkir. ada ’Teufel, der böse Geist’, šor. ada: a. bär ’bringe ein Opfer!’, osm. adaγ ’Opfer, Gelöbnis, Schenkung’, az. adaχ, čag. osm. adak ’Gelöbnis, Schenkung’, ’bestimmte Zeit’, ’Teil, Abschnitt’, tel. adü ’Ehrfurcht, Ehrerbietung’
< mo. (KWb. 1) ada ’Wahnsinn, der böse Geist’
