𐰋𐰇𐰓𐰚𐰀
bödkä
Meaning:
at this time; hitherto
The form can be understood as a contraction of bu “this” and the dative of öd “time”, with the front vowel of the second element prevailing. Another interpretation connects the same inscriptional spelling with a supposed noun böd “royal throne”, giving a reference to allegiance to the throne. The temporal interpretation is adopted here; an independent noun meaning “throne” is not assumed.
Examples
Translations
German:
zu dieser Zeit; bisher
Russian:
в это время; до сих пор
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
bu vaxt; indiyədək
Turkish (Türkiye):
bu zamanda; şimdiye kadar
Bibliography 2
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Marcel Erdal (2004) A Grammar of Old Turkicpp. 516–517, chapter V, complete paragraph on interrogative gUp. 126, paragraph on inscriptional vowel fusionspp. 516–517, chapter V, complete paragraph on interrogative gU
The Orkhon Turkic interrogative particle gU signals that the speaker expects or prepares a negative answer: azu bo savïmda igid bar gu (KT S10, BQ N8) signifies ‘Or is there a lie in what I said?’; Türk matï bodun bäglär, bödkä körügmä bäglär gü yaŋïltačï siz (KT S11) ‘Oh strong (?) Turk nation and lords, oh lords who have shown allegiance till now, will you fail?’
p. 126, paragraph on inscriptional vowel fusionsFurther inscriptional fusions with pronoun vowels occur in bödkä (KT S11, BQ N1 and 8 and E2) ‘at this time’ < bo üdkä, attested in K S 1 and bučägü < bo üčägü ‘these three’ in Tuñ 12: Note that the second (front) vowel prevails in bödkä, the first, back one in bučägü. Backward fronting, again involving bo (though without syllable loss), takes place also in bökün ‘today’< bo kün ‘this day’. It appears in bökün bar yaran yok ‘here today and gone tomorrow’ (Maitr Taf.118r12 = MaitH Y 12b27, Gedank p.133) and in bögünkätägi ‘till today’ in ManTürkFrag 7 and BT V 148. This word is spelled thus with G in Manichæan script in both mss.; this could be a case of voice confusion in the BT V text, which has another two instances for this phenomenon, but not in ManTürkFrag, which does not, and on the other hand has kanyu as a sign of archaicity. Since Old Turkic consonants do not get voiced between vowels, this should mean that an original *gün (with g° in all Oguz languages) was here retained because it was not in onset position: This fusion would have come about before *g° > *k°. -
Gerard Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkishp. 298a, s.v. böd (complete entry; alternative interpretation)p. 298a, s.v. böd (complete entry; alternative interpretation)
VU böd ‘a royal throne’; N.o.a.b. In I S 1 the first passage quoted appears as bu ödke: olurtim, but this seems to have been an error and is changed in II N, the later inscription. Türkü viii (I Teŋri: teg Teŋri:de: bolmış Türkü Bilge: Xagan) bödke: olurtim ‘have taken my seat on the throne’ II N 1 (I S 1 ‘at this time’, see above); bödke: özüm olurıp ‘I myself, sitting on the throne’ II E 2; bödke: körügme begler-gü yaŋıltaçı:siz ‘will you begs, when you look to the throne, misbehave ?’ I S 11; II E 8.
