𐰉𐰆

bu

Meaning:
this

When bu is declined, an old pronominal -n- element appears before the case endings, giving the oblique stem bun-. This belongs to the same irregular pattern seen in ka “which” : kan- and ol “that” : an-.

In many dialects of Old Turkic, b changes to m before another nasal, so bun- appears as mun-: munı “this” (acc.), muŋar “to this”, munta “in this, here” and muntın “from this, hence”.

Synonyms:
𐰆𐰞 [ol]

In modern languages

Select a region to see the cognate.
Language Cognate
Turkmen bu
Turkish (Azerbaijan) bu
Turkish (Türkiye) bu
Salar bu
Gagauz bu
Crimean bu
Uyghur bu
Uzbek bu
Kazakh bul
Nogai bu
Siberian Tatar No cognate has been entered for this language yet.
Kyrgyz bul
Altai bu
Alan bu
Kumyk bu
Tatar bu
Bashkir bıl
Tıva bo
Khakas pu
Sakha (Yakut, Dolgan) bu
Khalaj bō
Chuvash No cognate has been entered for this language yet.

Examples

Karı Çor Tegin
1

Translations

German:
dieser, diese, dieses
Russian:
этот, эта, это
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
bu
Turkish (Türkiye):
bu

  • Marcel Erdal (2004) A Grammar of Old Turkic p. 199-200

    The singular oblique pronouns have the so-called pronominal +n+ before the suffix. There are, then, oblique stems bun+ and an+ differing from the nominative stems bo and ol; bo and bun+ also differ in the vowel, alternating like the personal pronoun. The possessive suffixes of the 3rd person show the oblique pronominal /n/ as the demonstratives do. In Uygur, the b becomes m when a nasal follows; this replacement did not yet take place in the inscriptions of the Uygur steppe empire, as shown e.g. in bunda in Tariat W 2.

  • Talat Tekin (1995) Türk Dillerinde Birincil Uzun Ünlüler p. 177
    ---
  • Gerard Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish p. 292
    1 bu: ‘this’. C.i.a.p.a.l. The oblique stem seems to have been bun- (changing in most languages to mun-) fr. the earliest period, but the Plur. was bu:la:r for a long time. The Abl. and Loc. are often used as Advs. meaning ‘hence’ and ‘here’ respectively. See also bunça:, buntağ. Türkü viii bu: ‘this’ is common; bunı: II N 15; bunta: ‘here’ I S 10, etc.; viii ff. bu is common in IrkB, etc.: Man. ditto (bu: see bunça): Yen. ditto: Uyğ. viii ff. Man.-A bu; Dat. muŋar M I 23, 8; a.o.o.: Man. bu; munı teg ‘like this’ TT III 26, 104, etc.: Bud. in Brāhmī script (TT VIII) invariably spelt bo/bho/po, oblique cases mon- and mun-/mu:n- in about equal proportions; this prob. represents a dialect pronunciation, perhaps under the influence of ol, rather than the original form: Civ. as in Bud.: O. Kır. ix ff. bu occurs and possibly bunta: ‘here’ in Mal. 13, 5: Xak. xi bu: ḥarf wa ma‘nāhu hāḏā a particle meaning ‘this’; hence one says bu: er ‘this man’ Kaş. III 206; a.o.o.; one says muŋa:r aydım ‘I said to this man’ III 375; munu: ḥarf wa ma‘nāhu huwa ḏā a particle meaning ‘this’; it is the answer to the question ka:nı: ayna huwa ‘where is it?’ III 237; other oblique cases are munda: ‘here’, mundın ‘hence’, bu:la:r ‘these’; bu:nı: ‘this’ occurs once I 445, 17 (xuma:ru:) perhaps a scribal error: KB as in Kaş.: xiii(?) At. the forms are bu, munı, muŋa, munda, mundın; Tef. the forms are bu, munı, munıŋ/munuŋ, muŋar, munda, mundın, bular/munlar 108, 110, 225-6: xiv Muh. hāḏā bu: Mel. 5, 4; 8, 15, etc.; Rif. 75, 81, etc.; hā’ulā’ bu:lar 8, 15; 81; hāhunā mu:nda:; min hāhunā mu:ndan 15, 3; 91: Çağ. xv ff. munuŋ, munda bunuŋ, bunda Vel. 385-6; bu Demonstrative Pron. īn ‘this’ San. 141v. 24 (quotn.); munuŋ, muna/muŋa, munda do. 320v. 9 ff.; some declensional forms, with quotns., do. 15v. 16 ff.: Xwar. xiii bu, in oblique cases both b- and m- e.g. bunlar/munlar ‘Ali 9: xiii(?) the forms in Oğ. are bu, munı, etc., bunda (twice)/munda (8 times), munlar: xiv bu, oblique cases in m- Qutb (only munda ‘here’ listed 112); MN passim: Kom. xiv bu and oblique cases with m- in Sing. and b- in Plur. are common CCI, CCG; Gr. 67: Kıp. xiii hāḏā bu:; hā’ulā’ mu:nla:r Hou. 50, 14: xiv bu: bi-ma‘nā ḏā İd. 28; in the grammar do. 118-19 bu:, bula:r, bunda: are mentioned; in Bul. 15, a grammatical section, the forms given are bu:, munlar, bunun, bunı:, munlarun (li-hā’ulā’), bulara: and bularun (lahum), munlarun (lahum fī’l-ibtidā’ ‘to them in the beginning’?): xv in a para. on the Demonstrative Pron. in Kav. 49 the forms quoted are bu:, bu:lar and munda:; in a similar para. in Tuh. 42a. bu and mu are given as alternative forms; forms occurring elsewhere are bular/mular, munu, munun, munda: Osm. xiv ff. bu, bunu, etc. are the normal forms at all periods, bular was the standard form till xvi and occurs sporadically later TTS I 122 ff.; II 174 ff.; III 115 ff.; IV 130 ff.; munda occurs in one xiv text II 698.
  • M Räsänen, I Kecskeméti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen p. 85
    ---