𐰉𐰆
bu
Meaning:
this
When bu is declined, an old pronominal -n- element appears before the case endings, giving the oblique stem bun-. This belongs to the same irregular pattern seen in ka “which” : kan- and ol “that” : an-.
In many dialects of Old Turkic, b changes to m before another nasal, so bun- appears as mun-: munı “this” (acc.), muŋar “to this”, munta “in this, here” and muntın “from this, hence”.
Synonyms:
Examples
Translations
German:
dieser, diese, dieses
Russian:
этот, эта, это
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
bu
Turkish (Türkiye):
bu
Bibliography 4
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Marcel Erdal (2004) A Grammar of Old Turkic199-200199-200
The singular oblique pronouns have the so-called pronominal +n+ before the suffix. There are, then, oblique stems bun+ and an+ differing from the nominative stems bo and ol; bo and bun+ also differ in the vowel, alternating like the personal pronoun. The possessive suffixes of the 3rd person show the oblique pronominal /n/ as the demonstratives do. In Uygur, the b becomes m when a nasal follows; this replacement did not yet take place in the inscriptions of the Uygur steppe empire, as shown e.g. in bunda in Tariat W 2.
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Talat Tekin (1995) Türk Dillerinde Birincil Uzun Ünlüler177177---
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Gerard Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish292292
1 bu: ‘this’. C.i.a.p.a.l. The oblique stem seems to have been bun- (changing in most languages to mun-) fr. the earliest period, but the Plur. was bu:la:r for a long time. The Abl. and Loc. are often used as Advs. meaning ‘hence’ and ‘here’ respectively. See also bunça:, buntağ. Türkü viii bu: ‘this’ is common; bunı: II N 15; bunta: ‘here’ I S 10, etc.; viii ff. bu is common in IrkB, etc.: Man. ditto (bu: see bunça): Yen. ditto: Uyğ. viii ff. Man.-A bu; Dat. muŋar M I 23, 8; a.o.o.: Man. bu; munı teg ‘like this’ TT III 26, 104, etc.: Bud. in Brāhmī script (TT VIII) invariably spelt bo/bho/po, oblique cases mon- and mun-/mu:n- in about equal proportions; this prob. represents a dialect pronunciation, perhaps under the influence of ol, rather than the original form: Civ. as in Bud.: O. Kır. ix ff. bu occurs and possibly bunta: ‘here’ in Mal. 13, 5: Xak. xi bu: ḥarf wa ma‘nāhu hāḏā a particle meaning ‘this’; hence one says bu: er ‘this man’ Kaş. III 206; a.o.o.; one says muŋa:r aydım ‘I said to this man’ III 375; munu: ḥarf wa ma‘nāhu huwa ḏā a particle meaning ‘this’; it is the answer to the question ka:nı: ayna huwa ‘where is it?’ III 237; other oblique cases are munda: ‘here’, mundın ‘hence’, bu:la:r ‘these’; bu:nı: ‘this’ occurs once I 445, 17 (xuma:ru:) perhaps a scribal error: KB as in Kaş.: xiii(?) At. the forms are bu, munı, muŋa, munda, mundın; Tef. the forms are bu, munı, munıŋ/munuŋ, muŋar, munda, mundın, bular/munlar 108, 110, 225-6: xiv Muh. hāḏā bu: Mel. 5, 4; 8, 15, etc.; Rif. 75, 81, etc.; hā’ulā’ bu:lar 8, 15; 81; hāhunā mu:nda:; min hāhunā mu:ndan 15, 3; 91: Çağ. xv ff. munuŋ, munda bunuŋ, bunda Vel. 385-6; bu Demonstrative Pron. īn ‘this’ San. 141v. 24 (quotn.); munuŋ, muna/muŋa, munda do. 320v. 9 ff.; some declensional forms, with quotns., do. 15v. 16 ff.: Xwar. xiii bu, in oblique cases both b- and m- e.g. bunlar/munlar ‘Ali 9: xiii(?) the forms in Oğ. are bu, munı, etc., bunda (twice)/munda (8 times), munlar: xiv bu, oblique cases in m- Qutb (only munda ‘here’ listed 112); MN passim: Kom. xiv bu and oblique cases with m- in Sing. and b- in Plur. are common CCI, CCG; Gr. 67: Kıp. xiii hāḏā bu:; hā’ulā’ mu:nla:r Hou. 50, 14: xiv bu: bi-ma‘nā ḏā İd. 28; in the grammar do. 118-19 bu:, bula:r, bunda: are mentioned; in Bul. 15, a grammatical section, the forms given are bu:, munlar, bunun, bunı:, munlarun (li-hā’ulā’), bulara: and bularun (lahum), munlarun (lahum fī’l-ibtidā’ ‘to them in the beginning’?): xv in a para. on the Demonstrative Pron. in Kav. 49 the forms quoted are bu:, bu:lar and munda:; in a similar para. in Tuh. 42a. bu and mu are given as alternative forms; forms occurring elsewhere are bular/mular, munu, munun, munda: Osm. xiv ff. bu, bunu, etc. are the normal forms at all periods, bular was the standard form till xvi and occurs sporadically later TTS I 122 ff.; II 174 ff.; III 115 ff.; IV 130 ff.; munda occurs in one xiv text II 698. -
M Räsänen, I Kecskeméti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen8585---
