𐰴𐰃𐰡𐰢
kıl-
Meaning:
to do, make; to cause someone or something to become something
Kashgari records that the Oghuz avoided this verb because it could euphemistically refer to sexual intercourse, using ēt- instead in the ordinary sense “do”. This does not restrict its general meaning in the older inscriptions.
Examples
Translations
German:
tun, machen; jemanden oder etwas zu etwas machen
Russian:
делать, совершать; делать кого-либо или что-либо чем-либо
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
etmək, düzəltmək; birini və ya bir şeyi bir hala gətirmək
Turkish (Türkiye):
etmek, yapmak; birini veya bir şeyi bir duruma getirmek
Bibliography 5
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Hendrik Boeschoten (2022) A dictionary of early middle Turkicpp. 247–248, qïl=pp. 247–248, qïl=
qïl= 1. ‘to do’ (QT2, IMa, MA, QA, MM, XŠ, ON, CC, AH) / ġïl= (IMb); Andaġ qïlmaġïl! ‘Don’t act like that!’ (MAn); Nä ġïldiñ ‘What have you done?’ (IMb); Biziñ täñrilärimiz birlä bu išni kim qïldï? ‘Who has done this to our gods?’ (QA); Bizlär ḥaq dīnni nälük kizlänib qïlur-miz? ‘Why are we practicing the true religion in secret?’ (QA); säniñ birlä dōstlïq qïlayïn tep ‘in order to make friends with you’ (QA); aš boġuzlar qïl= ‘to prepare food’(QA); … teg qïl= ‘to do as if …’ (QT4); Unutmïš teg qïldïlar ‘They did as if they had forgotten’ (QT4); özini … qïl= ‘to pretend to be …, to take on the appearance of …’ (QA); Sän özüñni aġrïq qïlïp yatġïl ‘You must pretend to be ill and lie down’ (QA); Özümni ādam ṣūratlïġ qïldïm ‘I took on human appearance’ (QA) | qïlïl= ‘to be made’ (QT3–1x) [SAN 298v3, ABU 401]; H̱ālī qïlïlsun silärkä atañïz yüzi ‘Your father’s favour may be made exclusive for you’ (QT3) | qïlïn= 1. ‘to be done, made’ (QT2–3, QT5, MAv, KA, QA, MM, NF, XŠ, MuG). qïlïn= 2. ‘to put on a form’ (AH ar. تَخَلَّقَ ). qïlïn= 3. ‘to employ’ (XŠ, CCa actitare); Yaraġča qïlnayïn mu bilmišimni ‘Should I put my knowledge to use?’ (XŠ 96v13); aṭnï yaẖšï qïlïndurmaqlïq ‘an act of showing off with one’s horse’ (MuG) | qïldur= ‘to make do, to have made’ (QT5, MAv, KA, QA, NF, XŠ, MuG) | qïlïš= ‘to do to each other’ (QT3–4, MAv, QA, NF) / qïluš= (QT4, NF); laʿnat qïlïš= ‘to curse one another’ (NF); vaʿda̧ qïlïš= ‘to promise each other’ (QAt) | qïlï [particle used for the translation of Latin adverbs] (CC); berk qïlï ‘firmly’ (CCa firmiter); tolu qïlï ‘fully’ (CCb); yaqšï qïlï ‘nicely’ (CCa) | qïlïq 1. ‘deed’ (QT1, QT5); esiz qïlïqlarïnïñ yanutï ‘the requittal for their evil deeds’ (QT1). qïlïq 2. ‘character, behaviour’ (QT1, QT3–5, MAv, KA, QA, MM, NF, XŠ, AH, KT, MG) [krg. kïlïk] / qïlïġ (IMb) / qïlġï (TZ); Yavuz boldï anïñ qïlïqï ‘His behaviour changed for the worse’ (KA); Qïlïqïñ tälwälärgä oẖšar ‘Your actions resemble those of a lunatic’ (QA); Qïlïq oynattïlar ‘They showed their character’ (XŠ); Qïlïqï äygüdür ‘He behaves well’ (AH); Qïlïqï yamandur ‘He behaves badly’ (AH); qïlïġï yaẖšï ‘of good character’ (KD); qïlïġï yaman ‘of bad character’ (KD); aqrān qïlïq ‘congenial’ (QA); yawuz qïlïq ‘evil deed’ (QT1) | qïlïqlïġ 1. ‘well-behaved, honest’ / qïlïqlï (CCa) / qïlïẖlï (CCb). qïlïqlïġ 2. ‘behaved in a certain manner’ (QT5, CCa) / qïlïqlï (QT4, NF) / qïlïqlu (QT2); aġïr qïlïqlu ‘seriously behaved’ (QT2); äḏgü qïlïqlïġ ‘well-behaved’ (NF); irig qïlïqlïġ ‘coarsely behaved’ (QT4, NF); yawuz qïlïqlïġ ‘badly behaved’ (NF); yaman qïlïqlï ‘bad-natured’ (GUL); yäñil qïlïẖlï ‘careless’ (CCb) | qïlïqlïq ‘character, nature’ (QT3) | qïlïqsïzlïq ‘bad behaviour’ (XŠ); Yarašmaz bu qïlïqsïzlïqnï qoḏġïl ‘Stop this unbefitting bad behaviour’ (XŠ) | qïlïqlan= ‘to adopt a behaviour’ (MAv) | qïlïnč 1. ‘action’ (QT3, QT5, MA, XŠ); yawuz qïlïnč ‘bad deed’ (MAn). qïlïnč 2. ‘character, behaviour’ (IMa, XŠ); Kišilär kim qonaq qadrïn bilürlär / qïlïnčïn mundïn äḏgüräk qïlurlar ‘People who know the value of hospitality / behave better than this’ (XŠ) | äḏgü qïlïnčlïġ ‘well-behaved’ (QT5). qïl= 2. [light verb] (g.); namāz qïl= ‘to pray ritually’ (QA, KT), etc. -
Dr. Jens Wilkens (2021) Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen | Eski Uygurcanın El Sözlüğüpp. 369–370, ¹kıl-pp. 369–370, ¹kıl-
¹kıl- tun, machen, schaffen, ausführen || etmek, yapmak, kılmak, yaratmak, gerçekleştirmek; hervorbringen, zeigen || oluşturmak, göstermek; vollbringen, praktizieren, verrichten, (Opfer) darbringen || başarmak, becermek, uygulamak, yerine getirmek, (kurban) etmek; herstellen, bereiten || üretmek, hazırlamak; anwenden || kullanmak; sich betätigen, aktiv sein || çalışmak, aktif olmak; anhäufen, ansammeln || yığmak, biriktirmek; (Wunde) zufügen || (yara) açmak; (Brief) schreiben, (ein Schriftstück) aufsetzen || (mektup) yazmak, (yazı) kaleme almak kıl- b(ä)lgürt- schaffen und hervorbringen || yaratmak ve oluşturmak kıl- et- tun2, machen2 || etmek2, yapmak2 kıl- išlä- tun2, machen2 || etmek2, yapmak2 kıl- kazgan- (Sünden) begehen und anhäufen, (Sünden) anhäufen2 || (günah) işlemek ve biriktirmek, (günah) biriktirmek2 kıl- *kuvrat- (Sünden) begehen und anhäufen || (günah) işlemek ve biriktirmek kıl- yarat- tun und vollbringen, machen2 || yapmak ve becermek, yapmak2 kılgalı tägimlig wert zu tun (Skt. yogavihita) || yapmaya değer (Skt. yogavihita) kılgalı tägimsiz nicht wert zu tun (Skt. ayogavihita) || yapmaya değmez (Skt. ayogavihita) kılguluk iš Pflicht, Pflichtbewusstsein || görev, görev bilinci kılguluk iš küč Pflichtbewusstsein2 || görev bilinci2 kılguluk išig küdügüg bütürmiš atl(ı)g bilgä bilig das Wissen namens ,das die zu vollbringenden Werke2 vollendet hat‘ (Skt. kṛtyānuṣṭhānajñāna) || ,icra edilen iş(ler)i2 tamamlamış‘ adlı bilgi (Skt. kṛtyānuṣṭhānajñāna) kılıp ornat- arrangieren || düzenlemek kılmıš aya kavšurmaklıgın mit zusammengelegten Händen (Äquivalent von Skt. kṛtāñjali) || kavuşturmalı elli (Skt. kṛtāñjali’nin eş değeri) kılmıš buyanlıg verdienstvoll || yararlı, değerli -
Sergei Starostin, Anna Dybo, Oleg Mudrak (2003) Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languagespp. 675–676, *kipp. 675–676, *ki
*ki ( ~ *k῾i) to do, to make: Mong. *ki-; Turk. *Kɨl-; Jpn. *kì-túk-. PMong. *ki- to do, to make (делать): MMong. ki- (SH, HYt), ke- (LH), ki- (MA); WMong. ki- (L 462); Kh. xij-; Bur. xe-; Kalm. ke- (КРС); Ord. kī-; Mog. ki- (Weiers); Dag. xī-, kī- (Тод. Даг. 150), kī-, šī- (MD 183, 216); Dong. kie-; Bao. ke- (Тод. Бн.), giə-; S.-Yugh. gə-; Mongr. gi- (SM 135), gə-. ◊ MGCD 348. Mong. > Evk. ke- id. PTurk. *Kɨl- to do, to make (делать): OTurk. qɨl- (Orkh., OUygh.); Karakh. qɨl- (MK); Tur. kɨl-; Az. Gɨl-; Turkm. qɨl-; MTurk. qɨl- (Pav. C., MA); Uzb. qil-; Uygh. qil-; Krm. qɨl-; Tat. qɨl-; Bashk. qɨl-; Kirgh. qɨl-; Kaz. qɨl-; KBalk. qɨl-; KKalp. qɨl-; Kum. qɨl-; Nogh. qɨl-; Khak. xɨl-; Shr. qɨl-; Oyr. qɨl-; Tv. qɨl-; Chuv. əś-xəl ‘дела́’; Yak. kɨn-; Dolg. gɨn-. ◊ EDT 616, VEWT 263, ЭСТЯ 6, 205-206, Stachowski 88. Turk. *Kɨl-ɨnč ‘deed’ > Mong. kilinče ‘sin’ (see Clark 1980, 43). PJpn. *kì-túk- to build (строить): OJpn. kjiduk-; MJpn. kìtúk-; Tok. kizúk-; Kyo. kízúk-; Kag. kízúk-. ◊ JLTT 710. The accent in Kyoto and Kagoshima is somewhat aberrant, but old sources and Tokyo point to *kì-. ‖ KW 223, Владимирцов 260, Poppe 19, ОСНЯ 1, 309. One of the common Altaic monosyllabic verbal stems. In view of the external evidence, -l- in PT is to be regarded as a historical suffix. -
Gerard Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkishp. 616, kıl-p. 616, kıl-
kıl- ‘to do (something); to make (someone something)’ and the like; very often used, like é:t-, q.v., to form Compound V.s with N.s, esp., in the later period, l.-w.s. C.i.a.p.a.l. Türkü viii çığan bodunığ bay kıltım ‘I made the poor people rich’ IS 10, II N 7; II E 7 (kul); a.o.o. (this is the only usage in these texts): viii ff. Man. baş kıltımız erser ‘if we have wounded’ Chuas. 53; kılınçın kılu umaz biz ‘we cannot do what they (the Hearers) do’ 322; a.o.o.: Uyğ. viii yok kılmadım ‘I did not exterminate’ (the common people) Şu. E 2; a.o.o.: viii ff. Man. (the wind) keçgülük yaraşı edğü yıdlığ yıparlığ kılur ‘makes (all places and waters) fit to cross and fragrant (Hend.)’ Wind. 29-30: Bud. kıl- is very common in two usages, (1) e.g. ayığ kılmç kılur ‘they perform evil deeds’ PP 2, 1; öpi öpi kazğanç kılmak ayu berdiler ‘they suggested various ways of making profits’ do. 13, 1-2; (2) e.g. (then King Brahmadatta) badra kızığ . . . üstünki yeğ kunçuy kıltı ‘made the maiden Bhadrâ . . . his chief wife’ U III 53, 4 ff.: Civ. kıl- is very common, e.g. buyan kıl 'do virtuous deeds’ TT VII 28, 2; negü iş kılayın ‘what shall I do?’ do. 3; çurnı kılıp ‘reducing (various ingredients) to powder’ II 4, 8 etc.; sovuk kılıp ‘chilling’ do. 135: O. Kir. ix ff. Külüg Totok eçim kişi: kıldı: ‘my elder brother Külüg Totok brought me up’ (lit. ‘made me a man’) Mai. 6, 2: Xak. xi er ı:ş kıldı: ‘amila’l-racul ‘the man did something’; and one says er kı:zığ kıldı: ‘the man copulated (câma'a) with the girl’; this is an allusive phrase (kinâya) for copulation, and the Oğuz therefore avoid the use of this word, and substitute é:tti: lit. ‘to put in order’ (aşlaha) for kıldı: in the sense of 'amila’l-şay’; for example, they say er yükünç é:tti: ‘the man prayed’ (aşlaha’l-şalât) while the Turks say kıldı: Kaş. II 25 (kılu:r, kılma:k); over 40 o.o.; sometimes by itself, e.g. oş mundağ kıl ‘act in precisely this way’ I 36, 20; sometimes with an Object, e.g. edğülüküg . . . kıl ‘do good’ I 44, 2; and sometimes to form Compound V.s, e.g. terk kıl asri' ‘hurry’ I 350, 6: KB kıl- is very common in the same usages as in Kaş.: xii(?) KB VP (everything came into existence as He wished) kimi kim tilese kılur ol uluğ ‘whatever He wishes that Great One does’ 6: xiii( ?) KBPP neni kim tiledi erse kıldı 3-4; At. kıl- is very common, esp. in forming Compound V.s with l.-w.s; Tef. ditto 208: xiv Muh. 'amila kıl- Mel. 8, 5—6; Rif. 80; al-fa'l ‘to do’ kılmak 8, 6; 80; fa‘ala kil30, 1; 113 ; a.o.o.: Çağ. xv ff. kıl- (-ğup, etc.) eyle- Vel. 332; kıl- kardan ‘to make, do’ San. 297V. 27 (quotns.): Xwar. xiii kıl- ‘to do’ 'Ali 12: xiii(?) ditto, and to form Compound V.s Oğ. passim (et- does not occur): xiv ditto Qutb 147, MN 5, etc.: Kom. xiv kıl- ‘to do; to make (something Acc.)’; and to form Compound V.s CCG; Gr. 206 (quotns.): Osm. xiv ff. kıl- ‘to do, or make (something Acc.)’ and in Compound V.s; fairly common TTS I 457; II 625; III 445; IV 509. -
M Räsänen, I Kecskeméti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachenp. 263a, kylp. 263a, kyl
atü. uig. mtü. čag. usw. kyl ‘machen, tun’, čag. otü. tar. srt. kil id. ~ mo. (KWb. 223) ki, kalm. ki, ke ‘tun, machen’, ‘giessen’ ~ tu. (Vas.) ke ‘хотеть, собраться, попробовать’ ~ kor. (JSFOu 37³: 11) -ki- the suffix of factitive verbs
