𐰴𐰔𐰍𐰣-
kazgan-
Meaning:
to earn, to gain, to acquire
Word family
Formed from *𐰴𐰔𐰍𐰀- [*kazga-] “to obtain, to acquire” using -(ı)n⁴ (reflexive).
The reflexivity suffix -(ı)n4 usually shows that the subject does something to itself, for itself, or by itself. It does so by turning a transitive verb into an intransitive one.
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𐰴𐰔-
kaz-
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*𐰴𐰔𐰍𐰀-
*kazga-
- 𐰴𐰔𐰍𐰣- kazgan- -(ı)n⁴ (reflexive)
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𐰴𐰔𐰍𐰴
Kazgak
-(a)k⁴
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*𐰴𐰔𐰍𐰀-
*kazga-
In modern languages (3 / 22)
Select a region to see the cognate.
| Language | Cognate |
|---|---|
| Turkmen | gazan- |
| Turkish (Azerbaijan) | qazan- |
| Turkish (Türkiye) | kazan- |
| Salar | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
| Gagauz | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
| Crimean | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
| Uyghur | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
| Uzbek | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
| Kazakh | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
| Nogai | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
| Siberian Tatar | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
| Kyrgyz | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
| Altai | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
| Alan | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
| Kumyk | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
| Tatar | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
| Bashkir | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
| Tıva | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
| Khakas | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
| Sakha (Yakut, Dolgan) | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
| Khalaj | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
| Chuvash | No cognate has been entered for this language yet. |
Examples
Translations
German:
verdienen, erlangen
Russian:
приобретать, добывать
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
qazanmaq
Turkish (Türkiye):
kazanmak
Turkmen:
gazanmak
Bibliography 2
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Международная Тюркская Академия (2016) Древнетюркский словарь466466QAZɣAN- приобретать, добывать: täŋri jarlïqaduqüčün mẹn qazɣantïqüčün türk bodun qazɣanmïš ẹrinč по соизволению неба и благодари моему приобретательству тюркский народ [много] приобрел (БК33); qazɣan ulïč tüzünlük / qalsunč avïŋ jarïnqa приобретай, сынок, хороший характер, / и пусть тогда останется твоя слава на будущий день (МК II 250); sözüm iškä tutsa kümüš qazɣanur если применишь мои слова к делу, то приобретешь серебро (QBN 267); ẹdgü qïlïnč qazɣandïŋıẓlar вы приобрели хорошие нравственные качества (Suv 39810).
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Gerard Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish683683
kazğan- basically ‘to earn (wages by labour), to gain (profits by trade)’, with some more general meanings; Refl. f. of *kazğa:-; morphologically this could be a Den. V. fr. *kazığ Dev. N. fr. kaz-, but the semantic connection is tenuous and it is more likely to be a very old V. in -ğa:-. Survives only(?) in SW Az., Tkm. ğazan-; Osm. kazan-. Türkü vm kazğan- is fairly common; (1) without an Object it seems to mean ‘to strive for success’; e.g. (when I came to the throne I did not sleep by night or rest by day, together with Kül Tegin and the two şads) ölü: yetü: kazğantım ança: kazğanıp ‘I nearly worked myself to death; and so striving ...’ I E 27, II E 22; (2) governing e:l, with or without törü:, it means ‘to strive to acquire’, e.g. I E 9 (1 e:l); II E 36 (yeged-); (3) otherwise it means ‘to acquire’, e.g. kapımız eçümiz kazğanmış bodun atı: küsi: yok bolmazun ‘may the fame and reputation of the people whom my father and ancestors acquired not perish’ I E 26, II E 22; a.o.o.: vm ff. Yen. eliğiz üçü:n kazğanu: ‘striving for success on behalf of your realm’ Mal. 26, 4; El-çor el(i)pe: kazğantım ‘I strove for the success of El-çor’s realm’ do. 32, 8: Uyğ. viii ff. Bud. kazğan-, which is common, normally means ‘to acquire, earn’, e.g. kap kazğansar ‘if a father acquires (wealth)’ PP 8, 3; ağı barım kazğansar ‘if one acquires treasures and property’ do. 12, 7; a.o. do. 14, 4; yığmış kazğanmış ‘collected and acquired’ U II 34, 13; atamız kazğanmış tavarığ ‘the property acquired by our father’ U III 81, 13; (Kuan-şi-im Bodhisattva) ertipü üküş edgü kılınç kazğanç kazğanur ‘acquires (i.e. performs) very many good deeds’ Kuan. 77; al çeviş bilge bilig kazğanç ertipü üküş kazğanmış üçün ‘because he has acquired very many (clever) devices (Hend.) and (much) wisdom’ do. 187-8: O. Kir. ix ff. (I went to the emperor of China and because of my manly virtues and toughness) kazğandım ‘I acquired’ (gold, silver, etc.) Mal. 11, 9; xanıpız yoklaya:r kadaşlarıpız kazğanu:r ‘your xan rises in importance, your kinsmen gain (wealth)’ do. 25, 6 (?so read, but the text is not reliable): Xak. xi er tawa:r kazğandı: ‘the man acquired (kasaba) wealth’ Kaş. II 249 (kazğanu:r, kazğanma:k; verse): KB (if a man takes my words for his companion) kümüş kazğanur ‘he acquires silver’ 189; (the sword holds the realm and) bodun kazğanur ‘acquires people’ 2714; o.o. 3666, 3923: xm(?) At. kamuğ kazğanığlı ajun mâlını ‘after acquiring all the wealth in the world’ (he could not enjoy it) 273; Tef. kazğan-/kadğan-/kazan- ‘to acquire’ (wealth) 192-3: xiv Muh. hasşala ‘to acquire’ kazan- Rif. 107 (MS. karan-); al-tahşil kazğanmak (this must have been the translation, the edition has korkutmak) Mel. 36, 1; kazanmak Rif. 121 (MS. karanmak): Çağ. xv ff. kazğan- (spelt) kasb wa tahsil kardan; also pronounced kazan- San. 273r. 3 (quotns.): Kom. xiv ‘to acquire’ kazan- CCI; kazğan- CCG; Gr.: Kıp. xm takassaba ‘to seek to acquire’ kazan- (MS. karan-) (and kazanç eyle-) Hou. 38, 16: xv haşşala kazan- Tuh. 13b. 12.
