𐰖𐰉𐰔
yavız
Meaning:
bad, evil; unfavorable, inauspicious
yavız had a broadly negative sense in Old Turkic, ranging from morally bad or evil to unfavorable and inauspicious. Turkish yavuz later developed through ‘grim, stern’ toward favorable senses such as ‘strong, capable’.
Antonyms:
Word family
In modern languages (9 / 22)
Select a region to see the cognate.
| Language | Cognate |
|---|---|
| Turkmen | ýowuz |
| Turkish (Azerbaijan) | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
| Turkish (Türkiye) | yavuz* |
| Salar | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
| Gagauz | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
| Crimean | yavuz |
| Uyghur | yavuz |
| Uzbek | yovuz |
| Kazakh | jawız |
| Nogai | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
| Siberian Tatar | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
| Kyrgyz | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
| Altai | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
| Alan | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
| Kumyk | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
| Tatar | yawız (dialectal) |
| Bashkir | yawıź |
| Tıva | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
| Khakas | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
| Sakha (Yakut, Dolgan) | suos* |
| Khalaj | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
| Chuvash | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
* Meaning shifted
Examples
Translations
German:
schlecht, böse; ungünstig, unheilvoll
Russian:
плохой, злой; неблагоприятный
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
pis, yaman; uğursuz
Turkish (Türkiye):
kötü, fena, yaman; olumsuz, uğursuz
Bibliography 4
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Dr. Jens Wilkens (2021) Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen | Eski Uygurcanın El Sözlüğüpp. 877–878pp. 877–878
yavız scheußlich, hässlich, übel, schlimm, schlecht, böse, verkommen, minderwertig, elend || berbat, iğrenç, çirkin, fena, kötü, düşük değerli, sefil; sehr || çok; bedrückt || sıkıntılı, üzgün; Abgeschmacktheit, Schlechtigkeit || tatsızlık, yavanlık, kötülük; schlechte Seite, böser Aspekt || kötü taraf, kötü bakış açısı; schlechter Zustand || kötü durum; Elender || sefil kişi
yavaz iš išlä- yazın- Unzucht treiben₂ || zina yapmak₂
yavazta yavaz überaus schlecht || çok kötü, kötünün kötüsü
yavız artak verkommen₂ || bozulmuş₂
yavız artak törö verkommener₂ Dharma || bozulmuş₂ Dharma
yavız bol- bedrückt sein || sıkıntılı olmak
yavız böküš sakıšlıg mit schlechtem Denken₂ || kötü düşünceli₂
yavız iglig eine schlimme Krankheit habend || kötü hastalıklı
yavız irü b(ä)lgülär böse Omina₂ || kötü işaretler₂, kötü alemetler₂
yavız kıŋ (Blick) böse und scheel || (göz, bakış) fena ve şaşı
yavız köŋül Bosheit || kötülük
yavız körüm schlechte Ansicht (Skt. kudṛṣṭi) || kötü görüş (Skt. kudṛṣṭi)
yavız köz böser Blick || nazar, kem göz
yav(ı)z küčsüz kösönsüz sehr kraftlos und machtlos || çok güçsüz ve kuvvetsiz
yavız sakınčlıg bösartig || kötü yürekli
yavız tül schlechter Traum, böser Traum || kötü düş, kötü rüya
yavız yaman böse₂ || kötü₂
yavız yavgan scheußlich₂, hässlich₂ || iğrenç₂, çirkin₂
yavız y(a)vlak übel₂, böse₂ || fena₂, kötü₂
yavız yol schlechte Existenzform (Skt. durgati) || kötü varlık şekli (Skt. durgati) -
Международная Тюркская Академия (2016) Древнетюркский словарь236265236JABIZ ничтожный, плохой, слабый265JAVIZ плохой, злокачественный
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Sergei Starostin, Anna Dybo, Oleg Mudrak (2003) Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languagespp. 466–467pp. 466–467
*debí (~ ǯ-) bad, to suffer: Mong. *ǯib-; Turk. *jAb-; Jpn. *(d)impi-r-; Kor. *jəbúi-.
PMong. *ǯib- aversion, disgust, indignation (отвращение, негодование): WMong. ǯibegüü, ǯebegüü (L 1048); Kh. ǯivǖ(n), ʒevǖ(n); Bur. zebǖ(n) ‘arrogant, proud’.
◊ Mong. > Evn. ǯöbēnŋъ ‘austere, serious’ (ТМС 1, 266).
PTurk. *jAb- 1 bad, coarse, wicked 2 to become bad, weak 3 heavy, difficult, severe 4 tasteless, insipid (1 плохой, грубый 2 ухудшаться, слабеть 3 тяжелый, трудный, суровый 4 пресный, безвкусный): OTurk. jabɨz 1 (Orkh.), javɨz 1 (OUygh.), javɣan 1 (OUygh.), jablaq (Orkh.) 3, javlaq (OUygh.) 3; Karakh. javrɨ- 2, javra- ‘to become rough, coarse’, javɨz 1, javɣan 1, javlaq 3 (MK); Tur. javuz 1, javan 4; Gag. javan 4; Az. javan 4; Turkm. jovuz 1, 3, juwan 4 (dial.); MTurk. javlaq (R) ‘very’, javuz (Ettuhf., AH) 1; Uzb. jɔwuz 1, jōɣan 4 (dial.); Uygh. javuz 1; Tat. jawɨz 1; Bashk. jawɨδ- 1; Kirgh. ǯūɣan 4; Kaz. ǯawɨz 1; KKalp. ǯawɨz 1; SUygh. jus 1; Khak. čaɣban 4; Yak. suos 3.
◊ VEWT 176, EDT 879, 881-882, ЭСТЯ 4, 47-48, 51. Turk. > WMong. ǯabqai, ǯabaɣan (KW 468), whence again some Turkic forms (Kirgh. ǯabɨq etc., see ЭСТЯ 4, 9-10). One could perhaps also note Kaz. ǯawra-, Uzb. ǯɔwra- ‘to suffer from cold, shiver’ (ЭСТЯ 4, 20) which may be = Karakh. javra-, javrɨ- and thus should not be compared to Mong. daɣara- (despite KW 82).
PJpn. *(d)impi-r- to oppress (угнетать): MJpn. ibir-; Tok. ibir-.
PKor. *jəbúi- to get emaciated, haggard (истощаться, становиться изможденным): MKor. jə’úi-, jə’ói-; Mod. jəwi-.
◊ Liu 563, KED 1165.
‖ Finch 1987, 17 (Jpn.-Mong.). One of the few exceptional cases of *ǯ- > *j- in Kor. (cf. *ǯu ‘eight’). -
Talat Tekin (1965) A grammar of Orkhon Turkic394394yabız bad
