𐰘𐱅-
yet-
Meaning:
to catch up with, overtake; to reach, attain; to suffice
In early usage, yet- could take an accusative object when someone was overtaken; for the goal of movement or the extent sufficient for an action, it generally took the dative.
Word family
-
𐰘𐱅-
yet-
- 𐰘𐱅𐰢𐰾 yetmiş -mış²
-
𐰘𐰅𐱅𐱅𐰃
yetti
-d- (constative preterite)
In modern languages (21 / 22)
Select a region to see the cognate.
| Language | Cognate |
|---|---|
| Turkmen | ýet- |
| Turkish (Azerbaijan) | yet- |
| Turkish (Türkiye) | yet- |
| Salar | yet- |
| Gagauz | et- |
| Crimean | yet- |
| Uyghur | yät- |
| Uzbek | yet- |
| Kazakh | jet- |
| Nogai | et- |
| Siberian Tatar | yet- (dialectal) |
| Kyrgyz | jet- |
| Altai | jet- |
| Alan | cet- |
| Kumyk | yet- |
| Tatar | cit- |
| Bashkir | yet- |
| Tıva | çet- |
| Khakas | çit- |
| Sakha (Yakut, Dolgan) | sit- |
| Khalaj | The cognate has disappeared from this language. |
| Chuvash | śit- |
Examples
No corpus links yet.
Translations
German:
einholen, erreichen; erlangen; ausreichen, genügen
Russian:
догонять, настигать; достигать, добираться; хватать, быть достаточным
Turkish (Azerbaijan):
yetmək
Turkish (Türkiye):
yetmek
Bibliography 4
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Hendrik Boeschoten (2022) A dictionary of early middle Turkicpp. 411b–412a, yet=1pp. 411b–412a, yet=1
yet=¹1. ‘to arrive, reach, overtake’ (QT1–2, IM, MAv, QA, XŠ, CCb, KT, LN) / yät= (QT3–4, KA, MM, NF, GUL, AH, TZ); Išimiz yetti ‘Our purpose has been accomplished’ (QAc); yašïlġa yetip qara bolġan ‘dark green’ (QT4); söziñä yet= ‘to keep one’s word’ (QA); Sözüñgä yetgil ‘Keep your word’ (QA) | yetiš= ‘to reach, overtake’ (QT4, IMb, GUL) / yätiš= (AH, TZ) | yetgür= ‘to make arrive, bring’ (QT2, MAv, KA, NF, XŠ, GUL, MuG) / yetgär= (QT2) / yätgir= (TZ) / yetkir= (CCb) / yetür=² (QT5, MAv, KA, QA, MM, NF, XŠ, GUL); Qonuqlarïmqa yetürgü närsä qalmadï ‘I have nothing left to feed my guests with’ (QA) | yätrü ‘fully, completely’ (QT2, MAv); Yetrü aldï ẖarāǰnï ‘He collected the tax in full’ (MAv) | etiz= ‘to bring’ (CCb) [<yetgiz=]; Män saña assov etizärmen ‘I will bring you help’ (CCb) | yetil= 1. ‘to be overtaken’ (QT4). yetil= [postterminal] 2. ‘to have arrived’ (QA, XŠ) / yetül= (QT3); ʿAḏāb yetildi, emdimü könärsen? ‘Now that punishment has come, are you turning toward the right path?’ (QA) | yetiliš= ‘to arrive’ (QT2); Här qačan kim kārvān yetilišsä ṭabl urarlardï ‘Every time a caravan arrived, they beat the drums’ (QT2) yetil= 3. ‘to become ripe, mature, complete’ (QT2, MAv, QA) / yätil= (AH); ašlïq yetilgünčä ‘when the crop is ripe’ (QA); iki yašï yetilmiš awunča ‘an elderly couple’ (QT2) | yetiz ‘perfect, totally’ (QT4, MAv, MM, XŠ) / yätiz (QT2–3, QT5, NF, TN); Män yätiz ʿālim boldum ‘I have become an accomplished scholar’ (NF); yetiz bayānlïġ kitāb ‘a book that fully explains’ (QT4); yetiz rāst sözlüg ‘perfectly truthful’ (QT4); yetiz tañ ‘astounding’ (QT4); Yätiz qïlu bergil nūrumïznï ‘Perfect our light for us!’ (QT2); yätiz ber= ‘to give in full’ (QT5); yätiz bil= ‘to know to perfection’ (NF). 2. ‘to be sufficient’ (QT3–5, MAn, QA, MM, GUL, LN, CC) / yät= (KA, NF, AH); Yetär erkiñ ne kim qïlsañ qïlursen ‘Your power is great enough to do whatever you wish’ (LN); äligi yet= ‘to manage’ (QA); äligim yetsä ‘if I can manage’ (QA); küčläriñiz yetmišinčä ‘whatever you can’ (QT3); yetgüčä ‘sufficient’ (MAn) / yetgünčä (QY); yetgüčä tiriglik ‘enough sustenance’ (MAn) | yetgür= 2. ‘to make suffice’ / yetür=² (QT4) | yetisiz ‘involuntarily’ (QT3) [tt. yeti is a neologism]; Nä kim yetisiz kältürdüñ bizni anïñ üzä ǰāḏūlïqdïn ‘the magic you have forced us to practice’ (QT3) -
Dr. Jens Wilkens (2021) Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen | Eski Uygurcanın El Sözlüğüp. 892, ¹yet-p. 892, ¹yet-
¹yet-reichen, ausreichen, hinreichen, erreichen, zukommen, j-n einholen || yetmek, yetişmek, erişmek, ulaşmak, arkasından yetişmek; fassen, überraschend ergreifen || tutmak, birden bire almak
yet- ogša- erreichen und streifen || erişmek ve dokunmak, erişmek ve sıyırıp geçmek -
Gerard Clauson (1972) An etimological dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkishpp. 884b–885a, 2 yét-pp. 884b–885a, 2 yét-
2 yét-originally ‘to overtake, catch up with (someone Acc.)’, implying movement by both parties, as opposed to teg- ‘to reach (something stationary Dat.)’; but from an early period also almost Intrans., ‘to be sufficient’, i.e. ‘to catch up with what is required’, and sometimes more vaguely ‘to reach’; in these usages the Object, if stated, is normally in the Dat. S.i.a.m.l.g. w. the usual phonetic changes; the position in Kaş. and variations in vocalization point clearly to -é-. Uyğ. viii Şu. E 2–3 (yiçe:); o.o. do. E 1, S 8: viii ff. Bud. avıçğa arukı yetti ‘the old man's weariness overtook him’ PP 37, 1; yılımız yaşımız yetdi ‘our years and age have caught up with us’ (i.e. we have come to the end of our lives) U II 88, 79; birök seniŋ küçüŋ yétmese(r) ‘if your strength is insufficient’ do. 26, 12–13; similar phr. U III 71, 6; TT V 8, 67–8; 73–4; USp. 43, 5: Civ. küçi yétmeser TT VII 25, 18: Xak. xi (after yit- and in the same para.) and one says ol meni: yetti: (yā' carries both fatha and kasra) laḥiqa lī ‘he caught me up’ (or someone else) (yéte:r, yétme:k; MS. yete:r, yetme:k; 1 yé:t- follows here) Kaş. II 314; emdi: anı: kim yete:r ‘who can now overtake him?’ (yalḥaquhu) I 192, 6; (he takes his hawk and mounts his blood-horse and) arkar yete:r ‘overtakes (yudrik) the mountain sheep’ I 421, 17; andağ sü:ke: kim yete:r ‘who can overcome (yuqdir muqāwama) an army like that?’ II 274, 27; a.o. III 406, 3 (laḥiqa): KB (your authority) tüzü neŋke yetti ‘has extended over everything’ 9; (a small boy) yaşı yetmeginçe ‘until he reaches years of discretion’ 293; (if the man that catches me does not put a halter on me, I fly like a gazelle) kim ol yetteçi ‘who will be able to overtake me?’ 722; o.o. 12, 2401 (uçar): xiii(?) At. yeter başka bir kün bu tıl boşlağı ‘these idle words will one day catch up with you’ (lit. your head) 136; akı er biligni yete bildi kör ‘see, the generous man knows how to achieve knowledge’ 237; Tef. yét- ‘to reach; to suffice (w. Dat.)’ 151: xiv Muh. balaġa ‘to reach’ yé:t- Mel. 24, 3; Rif. 105 (adding wa waṣala ‘to arrive’); laḥiqa wa waǰada (‘to find’) yet- 114 (da:p- 30, 15): Çağ. xv ff. yét- (-ti) yetiş- ... wa döndür- ‘to reach ... to turn (someone) back’ Vel. 411–12 (quotn.); yét- (spelt) (1) rasīdan ‘to come, arrive’ San. 348r. 1 (quotns.): Oğuz/Kıp. xi (after 1 yé:t-) the Oğuz and Kıp. turn every initial y- into c- and say ol meni: cetti: laḥiqanī for yetti: (sic) w. y- Kaş. II 314: Xwar. xiii yet- ‘to reach’ ʿAlī 32: xiv yet- ditto Qutb 78; MN 60, etc. (also ‘to equal in value’): Kom. xiv ‘to reach; to suffice’ yet-; yet- is also used for ‘to join, to fasten on’, which might be a muddled reminiscence of 1 yé:t- CCI, CCG; Gr. 123 (quotns.): Osm. xiv ff. yet- ‘to overtake, to reach’; c.i.a.p. TTS I 824; II 1045; III 804; IV 878. -
M Räsänen, I Kecskeméti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachenp. 199, uig. (Gab.) jät, jitp. 199, uig. (Gab.) jät, jit
uig. (Gab.) jät, jit ‘ankommen, erreichen, genügen’, mtü. jät ‘führen, einholen, wachsen’, KB. kom. čag. osm. kar.L. oir. usw. jät ‘bis wohin kommen, hinkommen, erreichen, genügen’, trkm. jet ‘достигать’, kmk. jet ‘erreichen’, krč. kzk. žet, blk. zet, kč. koib. djet, šor. čät, sag. soj. čet, čuv. śit ‘gelangen, erreichen’, ‘genug sein’; Fakt. jät-käz, jät-küz, jät-kür, jät-tir usw., čuv. śidər; KB. jät-rü, jit-ir-ü, oir. jät-trä ‘bis’
